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Isolation of a CTX-M-55 (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli Strain of the Global ST6448 Clone from a Captive Orangutan in the USA

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine if orangutans (Pongo spp.) living in captivity at a zoo in Wisconsin were colonized with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and, if found, to identify underlying genetic mechanisms contributing to their resistant phenotypes. We hypothesize that since antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are so prevalent within humans, the animals could also be carriers of such strains given the daily contact between the animals and the zoo staff that care for them. To test this theory, fecal samples from two orangutans were examined for resistant bacteria by inoculation on HardyCHROM™ ESBL and HardyCHROM™ CRE agars. Isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using a Microscan autoSCAN-4 System. An isolate was selected for additional characterization, including whole genome sequencing (WGS). Using the Type (Strain) Genome Server (TYGS) the bacterium was identified as Escherichia coli. The sequence type identified was (ST/phylogenetic group/β-lactamase): ST6448/B1/CTX-M-55.

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Fig. 1

Data Availability

This Whole Genome Shotgun project has been deposited at DDBJ/ENA/GenBank under the accession JASDAV000000000.

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Acknowledgements

This research was done as part of a Provost Honors project under the leadership of John Thibodeau Provost. We also thank Maxwell Banor and Donald Zakutansky for their enthusiastic support of this research.

Funding

This project was supported by funding provided by Gateway Technical College and by the Gateway Foundation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Gateway Technical College, Kenosha, WI, 53144, USA

    Carly M. Smith, Durward L. Bevis, Nicole A. M. Dutton & Richard William McLaughlin

  2. Minnesota Department of Health, Public Health Laboratory - Infectious Disease Laboratory, St. Paul, MN, 55155, USA

    Melissa Anacker

  3. Racine Zoo, 2131 North Main Street Racine, Racine, WI, 53402, USA

    Dan Powell

Authors
  1. Carly M. Smith
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  2. Melissa Anacker
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  3. Durward L. Bevis
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  4. Nicole A. M. Dutton
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  5. Dan Powell
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  6. Richard William McLaughlin
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Contributions

RWM designed and supervised the project. DP provided the fecal samples. RWM, CS, and DLB conducted the experiments. MA and NAMD analyzed data. RWM, CS, and DLB prepared the first draft of the manuscript. All authors finalized the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Richard William McLaughlin.

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The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

IACUC approval was granted by the zoo for the collection of fecal samples.

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Not applicable.

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All authors agree to publish.

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Smith, C.M., Anacker, M., Bevis, D.L. et al. Isolation of a CTX-M-55 (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli Strain of the Global ST6448 Clone from a Captive Orangutan in the USA. Curr Microbiol 81, 177 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-024-03693-x

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