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Assessment of Plant Growth-Promoting Parameters of Endophytes Isolated from Calotropis procera and Their Performance Under Irrigated and Non-irrigated Conditions

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Abstract

In the present study, bacterial and fungal endophytes are isolated from Calotropis procera, a drought-resistant plant and studied for their role in plant growth promotion. Among bacterial sp. Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae strain CPR5B and fungus, Penicillium citrinum strain CPL1F, were identified as potent endophytes as both strains were able to produce Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase and solubilize phosphate. Penicillium citrinum CPL1F also been shown to produce siderophore. The IAA production was observed to be 94.28 μg/mL and 17.1 μg/mL for bacterial and fungal sp., respectively. The phosphate solubilization was observed to be 76.41 μg/mL and 114.57 μg/mL, respectively. The in vitro plant treatment studies with bacterium and fungus under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions showed that both strains had promoted plant growth in both conditions with respect to their control. Both the strains showed significant changes in most of the growth parameters under endophyte-treated irrigated and non-irrigated conditions, suggesting their stress-dependent plant growth promotion. The present findings will contribute to exploring endophytes that enhance plant growth in adverse conditions and act as plant growth-promoting endophytes.

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Abbreviations

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

NaCl:

Sodium chloride

NA:

Nutrient agar

PDA:

Potato dextrose agar

PDB:

Potato dextrose broth

NBRIP:

National Botanical Research Institute’s Phosphate growth medium

PKV:

Pikovskaya agar medium

CAS:

Chrome azurol S

HDTMA:

Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide

KH2PO4 :

Monopotassium phosphate

FeCl3 :

Ferric chloride

Pmol:

Picomole

μl:

Microliter

μg:

Microgram

mM:

Millimolar

g/L:

Gram per liter

16S rRNA:

16S ribosomal Ribonucleic acid

BLAST:

Basic local alignment search tool

bp:

Base pair

cm:

Centimeter

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

g:

Gram

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

ACC:

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC)

NCBI:

National Center for Biotechnology Information

nm:

Nanometer

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

PGPE:

Plant growth-promoting endophytes

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Funding

Sonali Jaiswal has received Junior Research Fellowship from University Grants Commission (UGC) India [UGC Reference no: 960/ (CSIR-UGC NET JUNE 2017)] to carry out the present research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, 273009, India

    Sonali Jaiswal & Sarad Kumar Mishra

  2. Department of Allied Health Science, Mahayogi Gorakhnath University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, 273007, India

    Anupama Ojha

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SJ made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work, made the analysis, and interpretation of data in the work. AO has drafted the work or revised it critically for important intellectual content. SKM has approved the version to be published, agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved, made proofreading of manuscript, and gave suggestions to improve it. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. This is a part of Sonali Jaiswal’s Ph.D. program.

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Jaiswal, S., Ojha, A. & Mishra, S.K. Assessment of Plant Growth-Promoting Parameters of Endophytes Isolated from Calotropis procera and Their Performance Under Irrigated and Non-irrigated Conditions. Curr Microbiol 81, 49 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-023-03570-z

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