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Biosurfactant from Bacillus sp. A5F Reduces Disease Incidence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Soybean Crop

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Abstract

The present study was conducted to assess the biocontrol activity of biosurfactants obtained from Bacillus species A5F. The variables significantly influencing the production of biosurfactants under in vitro conditions were further optimized using response surface methodology. Optimal values of selected culture variables, i.e., glucose, soybean oil, and incubation time were 3.5 g l−1, 3.5 ml l−1, and 78 h, respectively, resulting in 2.14-fold enhancement in biosurfactant levels in 5 l fermentor. Identified biosurfactants had a significant effect on chlorophyll content, shoot biomass, number of pods, and seed weight. Biosurfactants also reduced the disease incidence in S. sclerotiorum infected soybean plants and showed antagonistic action against major phytopathogens by disrupting the hyphal cell wall. 16% reduction in ITS gene copy number was observed as compared to control with less non-target effect upon biosurfactant spray on foliar parts of soybean. Thus, the study confirms that biosurfactants from strain A5F can be used as a potent biocontrol agent to control sclerotium wilt on soybean plants.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thanks National Academy of Sciences India, Allahabad for the grants given to BNJ and Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund doctoral scholarship awarded to AB to carry out the research. Instrumentation facility received by DBT Builder Program and IIT Bombay, SAIF for LC-QToF-MS and SEM analysis are gratefully acknowledged.

Funding

This work was financially supported by the grants of National Academy of Sciences India, Allahabad (Grant No. NAS/201/7/2017-18) to BNJ and Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund doctoral scholarship to AB.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M.P., 462026, India

    Apekcha Bajpai & Anil Prakash

  2. M S Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF), Pillaiyarkuppam, Thondamanatham Post, Vazhuthavoor Road, Puducherry, 605502, India

    Richa Agnihotri

  3. Former NASI Senior Scientist, LV-32, Indus Garden, Bhopal, M.P., 462039, India

    Bhavdish Narain Johri

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  1. Apekcha Bajpai
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Manuscript writing, material preparation, data collection was performed by AB and statistical analysis was performed by RA. Proofreading of the manuscript was carried out by AP and BNJ. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Apekcha Bajpai or Anil Prakash.

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Bajpai, A., Agnihotri, R., Prakash, A. et al. Biosurfactant from Bacillus sp. A5F Reduces Disease Incidence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Soybean Crop. Curr Microbiol 79, 206 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-022-02897-3

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