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Zearalenone Adsorbent Based on a Lyophilized Indigenous Bacterial Lactobacillus plantarum Strain as Feed Additive for Pigs: A Preliminary Study In Vivo

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Abstract

Feed contamination with naturally occurring mycotoxins is an unavoidable condition of significant concern in intensive productions. The presence of high concentrations of zearalenone >1 ppm in the diet can cause major reproductive disorders, particularly in swine. In order to reduce the consequences of intoxication, mycotoxin adsorbents are incorporated into feed. In the present study, zearalenone adsorption capacity of a lyophilized indigenous strain of Lactobacillus plantarum (L4; previously isolated from pig’s rectal swabs) was first evaluated in vitro. A preliminary study in vivo was then performed in which the indigenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain was lyophilized and the powder obtained (L-L4) was incorporated into the diet of gilts two gilts received basal diet (control) and two received basal diet containing 2 g/kg L-L4 (treated). After an adaptation period, all the feed was contaminated with zearalenone at a dose of 0.93 mg ZEA/kg. Results from in vitro assay showed that L-L4 adsorbed 87.9% (SD 3.97) of zearalenone in 0.9% NaCl solution. In the in vivo exploratory study, higher daily weight gain and lower vulva area were observed in gilts that incorporated L-L4 to the diet. Additionally, higher zearalenone concentrations were eliminated in faeces from treated animals. The use of a product based on a lyophilized indigenous Lactobacillus strain to protect gilts from detrimental effects of zearalenone consumption has shown promising results so far. However, further studies are required in order to accurately assess its impact and evaluate doses according to different degrees of mycotoxins contamination.

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Acknowledgements

This work is part of a project entitled ‘Detoxificación de la micotoxina zearalenona en alimentos para cerdos mediante métodos microbiológicos’ which is financially supported by the ‘Comisión de Investigación Científica de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICPBA)’.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Tecnología y Calidad de los Alimentos, PROANVET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    María F. Vega

  2. Laboratorio de Toxicología CIVETAN - CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Susana N. Diéguez, Belén Riccio & María O. Tapia

  3. INBIOFAL - Facultad de Bioquímica Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina

    Silvia N. González

  4. CICPBA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Susana N. Diéguez

Authors
  1. María F. Vega
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  2. Susana N. Diéguez
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  3. Belén Riccio
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  4. María O. Tapia
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  5. Silvia N. González
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Correspondence to María F. Vega.

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Ethical Approval

These studies were authorized by the Ethics Committee of the Graduate Department of the Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy of National University of Tucumán, and this situation was supported by the defence of my Thesis.

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Vega, M.F., Diéguez, S.N., Riccio, B. et al. Zearalenone Adsorbent Based on a Lyophilized Indigenous Bacterial Lactobacillus plantarum Strain as Feed Additive for Pigs: A Preliminary Study In Vivo. Curr Microbiol 78, 1807–1812 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-021-02460-6

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