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Genetic and Phenotypic Heterogeneity of the Nocardiopsis alba Strains of Seawater

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Abstract

This study deals with the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of the marine Nocardiopsis alba strains isolated during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. The isolates were characterized for their morphological and biochemical attributes, growth media preferences, antibiotic susceptibility and extracellular enzyme secretion. Nocardiopsis alba strains were assessed against 12 different antibiotics, and the responses were expressed in terms of the multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) number. The majority of the strains produced multiple extracellular enzymes: proteases, amylases and lipases. Further, the strains were characterized on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the majority were identified as Nocardiopsis alba along with few strains of Streptomyces lopnurensis, Nocardiopsis synnemataformans and Nocardiopsis dassonvillei. Neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree suggested variation among the genetically similar Nocardiopsis alba species. The study establishes significant heterogeneity with respect to genetic and phenotypic characteristics of the strains of Nocardiopsis alba. Phylogenetic tree and phenogram-based comparison reflect the heterogeneity in terms of different clustering patterns of the strains. Further, the whole genome sequence data available in the literature also confirm the observed heterogeneity. Nocardiopsis alba strains displayed a relatively regressive pattern of dependence on the environmental factors based on the canonical correspondence analysis plot. The study represents cultivation, characterization, phylogenetic analysis and enzymatic potential of the Nocardiopsis alba species of seawater origin.

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Acknowledgements

Financial assistance and JRF/SRF to DR and MS under a Net Working Project of the Ministry of Earth Sciences, New Delhi, is duly acknowledged. Sincere thanks are also due to Prof. Bharti Dave, Coordinator, MoES Networking Project for providing the physicochemical data. The authors are thankful to Saurashtra University for financial and infrastructural support. The facilities created under various UGC Programmes, including CAS, DST-FIST and DBT-Multi-institutional Programmes, are also acknowledged. SPS acknowledges DST-SERB International Travel Support to present his research in the ‘Extremophile 2016,’ Kyoto, Japan.

Funding

This study was funded by the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) Government of India, New Delhi (MoES/16/06/2013-RDEAS Dated: 23/10/2015).

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  1. Department of Biosciences, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies (CAS), Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India

    Dalip Singh Rathore, Mahejbin A. Sheikh, Sangeeta D. Gohel & Satya P. Singh

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  1. Dalip Singh Rathore
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  2. Mahejbin A. Sheikh
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DSR executed the experiment, analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript; MAS assisted in actinomycetes cultivation; SDG assisted in biochemical tests; and SPS planned and designed the experiments and critically examined the data and the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Satya P. Singh.

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Rathore, D.S., Sheikh, M.A., Gohel, S.D. et al. Genetic and Phenotypic Heterogeneity of the Nocardiopsis alba Strains of Seawater. Curr Microbiol 78, 1377–1387 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-021-02420-0

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