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Bioprospection of Culturable Endophytic Fungi Associated with the Ornamental Plant Pachystachys lutea

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Abstract

Endophytes are fungi and bacteria that inhabit plant tissues without causing disease. Endophytes have characteristics that are important for the health of the plant and have been isolated from several plants of economic and medicinal interest but rarely from ornamental plants. The current study isolates and identifies endophytic fungi from the leaves of Pachystachys lutea and evaluates the antagonistic activity of these endophytes as well as cellulase production by the endophytes. Fungi were isolated by fragmentation from surface-disinfected leaves and were identified by the sequencing of the ITS gene and the genes coding for EF 1-α and β-tubulin followed by multilocus sequence analysis. Molecular taxonomic analysis revealed that 78% of the identified fungi belonged to the genus Diaporthe. We also identified strains belonging to the genera Colletotrichum, Phyllosticta, Xylaria, Nemania, and Alternaria. Most of the strains tested were able to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi, especially PL09 (Diaporthe sp.), which inhibited the growth of Colletotrichum sp., and PL03 (Diaporthe sp.), which inhibited the growth of Fusarium oxysporum. The production of cellulase ranged from 0.87 to 1.60 μmol/min. Foliar endophytic fungal isolates from P. lutea showed promising results for the in vitro control of plant pathogens and for cellulase production. This paper is the first report on culturable endophytic fungi isolated from the ornamental plant P. lutea.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) for the Master’s scholarship and CAPES/PNPD-UEM post-doctoral scholarship and CNPq—Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico—(311534/2014-7; 447265/2014-8) and the Fundação Araucária (276/2014) for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringa, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, Paraná, CEP 87020-900, Brazil

    Amanda da Silva Ribeiro, Julio Cesar Polonio, Alessandra Tenório Costa, Caroline Menicoze dos Santos & João Alencar Pamphile

  2. Federal Institute of Santa Catarina, Km 9 da Rodovia Duque de Caxias, São Francisco do Sul, SC, CEP 89240991, Brazil

    Sandro Augusto Rhoden

  3. Department of Genetics, College of Agriculture Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, SP, CEP 13418-900, Brazil

    João Lúcio Azevedo

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  1. Amanda da Silva Ribeiro
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da Silva Ribeiro, A., Polonio, J.C., Costa, A.T. et al. Bioprospection of Culturable Endophytic Fungi Associated with the Ornamental Plant Pachystachys lutea. Curr Microbiol 75, 588–596 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-017-1421-9

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