Abstract
Two di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP)-degrading strains, designated as S-3 and H-2, were isolated from DBP-polluted soil and both identified as Paenibacillus sp. When DBP was provided as the sole carbon source, about 45.5 and 71.7 % of DBP (100 mg/L) were degraded by strain S-3 and H-2, respectively, after incubation for 48 h. However, DBP (100 mg/L) was degraded completely by co-culture of strain S-3 and H-2 after incubation for 60 h. Four phthalic acid (PA) esters could be utilized by co-metabolism in the study and the degradation rates followed the order of dimethyl phthalate > diethyl phthalate > DBP > dioctyl phthalate. The metabolic pathway of DBP was elucidated based on the results of metabolites identification and enzyme assays. For strain S-3, DBP was degraded into butyl hydrogen phthalate which was degraded to PA by carboxyesterase further. But PA could be not hydrolyzed further because strain S-3 lacked 3,4-phthalate dioxygenase. Different with S-3, strain H-2 could hydrolyze PA into 3,4-dihydroxy-PA by 3,4-phthalate dioxygenase. Then 3,4-dihydroxy-PA was converted to protocatechuate and benzoic acid. Finally, the aromatic ring was cleavage and mineralized to CO2 and H2O. Above all, co-metabolism could increase the activity of 3,4-phthalate dioxygenase and accelerated the degradation of DBP. This study highlights an important potential use of co-metabolic biodegradation for the in situ bioremediation of DBP and its metabolites-contaminated environment.
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This work was supported by grants from Science and Technology Plan Projects of Zhejiang Province, China (2012F20026, 2012C13005) and the Open Project Program of Marine Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Province (2009F40G5020017).
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Jin, L., Sun, X., Zhang, X. et al. Co-Metabolic Biodegradation of DBP by Paenibacillus sp. S-3 and H-2. Curr Microbiol 68, 708–716 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-014-0533-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-014-0533-8