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The many roles of NOX2 NADPH oxidase-derived ROS in immunity

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Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have long been studied in the context of their direct toxic effects on cells. As a result, ROS have conventionally been thought of as a necessary nuisance to aerobic living. However, in recent years, much work has been done to examine the contribution of ROS to the field of immunity. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases were identified as one of the key sources of ROS in immune cells. The NOX2 NADPH oxidase in particular has been assigned multiple roles, functioning as a source of antimicrobial ROS, an activator of many signaling pathways, a participant in chemotaxis, an immune modulator, and a critical player in the initiation of antigen cross-presentation. Furthermore, recent studies have revealed a novel role for the NOX2 NADPH oxidase in the activation of autophagy, a cellular degradative pathway. Here, we examine these functions of NOX2 NADPH oxidase in immunity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Michelle Ang and Michal Bohdanowicz for their technical assistance in the generation of the figures. The authors would also like to thank Veronica Canadien for the use of her images in Figure 3c-d. John H. Brumell, PhD, holds an Investigators in Pathogenesis of Infectious Disease Award from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund. Infrastructure for the Brumell Laboratory was provided by a New Opportunities Fund from the Canadian Foundation for Innovation and the Ontario Innovation Trust. G.Y.L. is supported by a M.D/Ph.D Studentship and Canadian Graduate Scholarship Doctoral Research Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. J.H. holds a Canadian Association of Gastroenterology/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of Canada postdoctoral fellowship administered by the Canadian Association of Gastroenterolgy.

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  1. Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 1X8

    Grace Y. Lam, Ju Huang & John H. Brumell

  2. Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8

    Grace Y. Lam & John H. Brumell

  3. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8

    John H. Brumell

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Lam, G.Y., Huang, J. & Brumell, J.H. The many roles of NOX2 NADPH oxidase-derived ROS in immunity. Semin Immunopathol 32, 415–430 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-010-0221-0

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