Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Autoimmune disorders: a concept of treatment based on mechanisms of disease

  • Original paper
  • Published:
Springer Seminars in Immunopathology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

References

  1. Von Behring E, Kitisato SH (1890) Serotherapie mit anti-diphterie serum. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 16:1113

    Google Scholar 

  2. Metalnikoff S (1900) Etudes sur la spermatoxine. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris)14:577

  3. Chauffard MA, Vincent C (1909) Hémoglobinurie hémolysinique avec ictère polycholique aigu. Semin Med 29:601

    Google Scholar 

  4. Fiessinger N (1908) Des anticorps hépatiques chez les sujets atteints de cirrhose en évolution. J Physiol Pathol Gen 10:671

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bordet J, Gengou O (1901) Sur l’existence de substances sensibilisatrices dans la plupart des sérums anti-microbies. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris) 15:289

    Google Scholar 

  6. Fagraeus A (1948) Antibody production in relation to the development of plasma cells: in vivo and in vitro experiments. Acta Med Scand Suppl 204:3

    Google Scholar 

  7. Glick B, Chang TS, Jaap RG (1956) The bursa of Fabricius and antibody production. Poultry Sci 35:224

    Google Scholar 

  8. Chase MW (1945) The cellular transfer of cutaneous hypersensitivity to tuberculin Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 59:134

  9. Benacerraf G, Gell PGH (1961) Immunological specificity of delayed and immediate hypersensitivity reaction. In: Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Immunopathology. Schwabe, Basle, p 136

  10. Miller JFAP (1961) The immunological function of the thymus. Lancet II:748

  11. Good RA, Dalmasso AP, Martinez C, Archer OK, Pierce JC, Papermaster BW (1962) The role of the thymus in development of immunologic capacity in rabbits and mice. J Exp Med 116:773

    Google Scholar 

  12. Benacerraf B, McDevitt HO (1972) The histocompatibility linked immune response genes. Science 175:273

    Google Scholar 

  13. Zinkernagel RM, Doherty PC (1975) H2 compatibility requirement for T cell mediated lysis of target cells infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. J Exp Med 116:773

    Google Scholar 

  14. Mosmann TR, Coffman RL (1989) Th1 and Th2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties. Annu Rev Immunol 7:145

    Google Scholar 

  15. Billingham RE, Brent L, Medawar PB (1953) Actively acquired tolerance of foreign cells. Nature 172:603

    Google Scholar 

  16. Gorer PA (1955) The antibody response to skin homografts in mice. Ann N Y Acad Sci 59:365

    Google Scholar 

  17. Miescher PA, Fauconnet M (1954) Mise en évidence de différents groupes leucocytaires chez l’Homme. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 84:597

    Google Scholar 

  18. Dausset J (1958) Iso-leuko-antibodies. Vox Sang 13:40

    Google Scholar 

  19. Mouzaki A, Theodoropoulou M, Gianakopoulos I, Vlaha V, Kyrsonis M-C, Maniatis A (2002) Expression patterns of Th1 and Th2 cytokine genes in childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood 100:1774

    Google Scholar 

  20. Coombs RRA, Mourant AE, Race RR (1945) Detection of incomplete Rhesus agglutinins. A new test. Lancet II:15

  21. Klemperer P, Pollack AD, Baehr G (1942) The concept of collagen disease. JAMA 119:331

    Google Scholar 

  22. Hargraves MM, Richmond H, Morton R (1948) Presentation of two bone marrow elements: the “Tart” cell and the “LE” cell. Mayo Clin Proc 23:25

    Google Scholar 

  23. Miescher PA, Fauconnet M (1954) L’absorption du facteur “LE” par des noyaux cellulaires isolés. Experientia 10:252

    Google Scholar 

  24. Miescher PA, Straessle R (1957) New serological methods for the detection of the LE factor. Vox Sang 2:283

    Google Scholar 

  25. Holman H, Kunkel HG (1957) Affinity between the lupus erythematosus serum factor and cell nuclei and nucleoprotein. Science 126:162

    Google Scholar 

  26. Waaler E (1940) On the occurrence of a factor in human serum activating the specific agglutination of sheep blood corpuscles. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 17:172

    Google Scholar 

  27. Rose HM, Ragan C, Pearce E, Lipman MO (1948) Differential agglutination of normal and sensitised sheep erythrocytes by sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Proc Soc Exp Biol NY 68:1

    Google Scholar 

  28. Weyand CM, Klimink PA, Goronzy JJ (1993) Heterogeneity of rheumatoid arthritis: from phenotypes to genotypes. Springer Semin Immunopathol 20:5

    Google Scholar 

  29. Shen HH, Winchester RJ (1986) Susceptibility genetics of SLE. Springer Semin Immunopathol 9:143

  30. Opie LE (1924) Acute inflammation caused by antibody in an animal previously treated with antigen. The relation of antigen to antibody in the arthus phenomenon. J Immunol 9:255

    Google Scholar 

  31. Germuth FG, McKinnon GE (1957) Studies of the biological properties of antigen-antibody complexes in unsensitised normal guinea-pigs. Johns Hopkins Hosp Bull 101:13

    Google Scholar 

  32. Dixon FJ, Vazquez JJ, Weigle WO, Cochrane CG (1958) Pathogenesis of serum sickness. AMA Arch Pathol 65:18

    Google Scholar 

  33. Miescher PA, Straessle R, Neukom S (1954) Etude de la réaction antigène-anticorps dans le sang au moyen d’un antigène marqué. Helv Med Acta 21:392

    Google Scholar 

  34. Mellors RC, Ortega LG, Holman ER (1957) Role of gammaglobulins in pathogenesis of renal lesions in SLE. J Exp Med 106:191

    Google Scholar 

  35. Strand V (2001) New therapies in development for autoimmune diseases: their rationale for combination treatment. Springer Semin Immunopathol 23:43

    Google Scholar 

  36. Aho K, Koskenvuo M, Tuominen J, Kaprio J (1986) Occurence of rheumatoid arthritis in a nationwide series of twins. J Rheumatol 13:899–902

    Google Scholar 

  37. Stastny P (1978) Association of the B-cell alloantigen DRw4 with rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med 298:869–871

    Google Scholar 

  38. Gonzalez-Gay MA, Garcia-Porrua C, Hajeer AH (2002) Influence of human leukocyte antigen-DRB1 on the susceptibility and severity of rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 31:355–360

    Google Scholar 

  39. Ramos M, De Castro JA (2002) HLA-B27 and the pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis. Tissue Antigens 60:191–205

    Google Scholar 

  40. Verity DH, Marr JE, Ohno S, Wallace GR, Stanford MR (1999) Behcet’s disease, the Silk Road and HLA-B51: historical and geographical perspectives. Tissue Antigens 54:213–220

    Google Scholar 

  41. Weyand CM, McCarthy TG, Goronzy JJ (1995) Correlation between disease phenotype and genetic heterogeneity in rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Invest 95:2120–2126

    Google Scholar 

  42. Barilla-LaBarca ML, Atkinson JP (2003) Rheumatic syndromes associated with complement deficiency. Curr Opin Rheumatol 15:55–60

    Google Scholar 

  43. Walport MJ (2001) Complement. II. N Engl J Med 344:1140–1144

    Google Scholar 

  44. Vogel A, Manns MP, Strassburg CP (2002) Autoimmunity and viruses. Clin Liver Dis 6:451–465

    Google Scholar 

  45. Ferricci C, Zignego AL (2000) Relation between infection and autoimmunity in mixed cryoglobulinemia. Curr Opin Rheumatol 12:53–60

    Google Scholar 

  46. Massa M, Mazzoli F, Pignatti P, De Benedetti F, Passalia M, Viola S, Samodal R, La Cava A, Giannoni F, Ollier W, Martini A, Albani S (2002) Proinflammatory responses to self HLA epitopes are triggered by molecular mimicry to Epstein-Barr virus proteins in oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 46:2721–2729

    Google Scholar 

  47. Ebringer A, Wilson C (2000) HLA molecules, bacteria and autoimmunity. J Med Microbiol 49:305–311

    Google Scholar 

  48. Theofilopoulos AN (1995) The basis of autoimmunity. I. Mechanisms of aberrant self-recognition. Immunol Today 16:90–98

    Google Scholar 

  49. Van den Steen PE, Proost P, Grillet B, Brand DD, Kang AH, Van Damme J, Opdenakker G (2002) Cleavage of denatured natural collagen type II by neutrophil gelatinase B reveals enzyme specificity, post-translational modifications in the substrate, and the formation of remnant epitopes in rheumatoid arthritis. FASEB J 16:379–389

    Google Scholar 

  50. Jackson CE, Puck JM (1999) Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome: a disorder of apoptosis Curr Opin Pediatr 11:521–527

    Google Scholar 

  51. Utz PJ, Anderson P (1998) Posttranslational protein modifications, apoptosis, and the bypass of tolerance to autoantigens. Arthritis Rheum 41:1152–1160

    Google Scholar 

  52. Herrmann M, Voll RE, Zoller OM, Hagenhofer M, Ponner BB, Kalden JR (1998) Impaired phagocytosis of apoptotic cell material by monocyte-derived macrophages from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 41:1241–1250

    Google Scholar 

  53. Wu X, Molinaro C, Johnson N, Casiano CA (2001) Secondary necrosis is a source of proteolytically modified forms of specific intracellular autoantigens. Arthritis Rheum 44:2642–2652

    Google Scholar 

  54. Nishikawa Y, Shibata R, Ozono Y, Ichinose H, Miyazaki M, Harada T, Kohno S (2000) Streptococcal M protein enhances TGF-beta production and increases surface IgA-positive B cells in vitro in IgA nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 15:772–777

    Google Scholar 

  55. Van Heel DA, McGovern DP, Jewell DP (2001) Crohn’s disease: genetic susceptibility, bacteria, and innate immunity. Lancet 357:1902–1904

    Google Scholar 

  56. Fitzpatrick R, Newman S, Lamb R, Shipley M (1988) Social relationships and psychological well-being in rheumatoid arthritis. Soc Sci Med 27:399–403

    Google Scholar 

  57. McCarty MF (2001) Upregulation of lymphocyte apoptosis as a strategy for preventing and treating autoimmune disorders: a role for whole food vegan diets, fish oil and dopamine agonists. Med Hypotheses 57:258–275

    Google Scholar 

  58. Brown AC (2000) Lupus erythematosus and nutrition: a review of the literature. J Ren Nutr 10:170–183

    Google Scholar 

  59. Lawley W, Doherty A, Denniss S, Chauhan D, Pruijn G, van Venrooij WJ, Lunec J, Herbert K (2000) Rapid lupus autoantigen relocalization and reactive oxygen species accumulation following ultraviolet irradiation of human keratinocytes. Rheumatology (Oxf) 39:253–261

    Google Scholar 

  60. Bennion SD, Norris DA (1997) Ultraviolet light modulation of autoantigens, epidermal cytokines and adhesion molecules as contributing factors of the pathogenesis of cutaneous LE. Lupus 6:181–192

    Google Scholar 

  61. Klosner G, Trautinger F, Knobler R, Neuner P (2001) Treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with 8-methoxypsoralen plus ultraviolet A radiation induces a shift in cytokine expression from a Th1 to a Th2 response. J Invest Dermatol 116:459–462

    Google Scholar 

  62. Harrison BJ (2002) Influence of cigarette smoking on disease outcome in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 14:93–97)

    Google Scholar 

  63. Herrick AL, Matucci-Cerinic L (2001) The emerging problem of oxidative stress and the role of antioxidants in systemic sclerosis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 19:4–8

    Google Scholar 

  64. Mok CC, Lau CS, Wong RWS (2001) Use of exogenous estrogens in systemic lupus erythematosus. Semin Arthritis Rheum 30:426–435

    Google Scholar 

  65. Buyon JP (1998) Hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Am Med Womens Assoc 53:13–17

    Google Scholar 

  66. Hall GM, Daniels M, Huskisson EC, Spector TD (1994) A randomised controlled trial of the effect of hormone replacement therapy on disease activity in postmenopausal rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 53:112–116

    Google Scholar 

  67. Beris P, Burger A, Favre H, Riondel A, Miescher PA (1986) Adrenocortical responsiveness after discontinuous corticosteroid therapy. Klin Wochenschr 64:70

    Google Scholar 

  68. Spiegelberg HL, Miescher PA (1963) The effect of 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate on experimental immune thyroiditis in guinea pigs. J Exp Med 118:869

    Google Scholar 

  69. Miescher PA (1986) 20 years of methotrexate in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Rheumatology (Oxf) 9:46

  70. Miescher PA, Favre H, Lemoine R, Huang YP (1994) Drug combination therapy of systemic lupus erythematosus. Springer Semin Immunopathol 16:295

    Google Scholar 

  71. Valesini G, Priori R, Francia A, Tincani A, Airo P, Cattaneo A, Zambruni B, Troianello B, Chofflon M, Miescher PA (1994) Central nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: a new therapeutic approach with intrathecal dexamethasone and methotrexate. Springer Semin Immunopathol 16:313

    Google Scholar 

  72. Manzotti F, Orsoni JG, Zavota L, Cimino L, Zola E, Bonaguri C (2002) Autoimmune uveitis in children: clinical correlation between antinuclear antibody positivity and ocular recurrences. Rheumatol Int 21:127

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Professor emeritus, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland

    Peter A. Miescher

  2. Division of Pediatrics, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy

    Laura Zavota

  3. Cattedra di Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Clinica e Terapia Medica Applicata, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

    Alejandra Ossandon

  4. Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

    Bruno Lagana

Authors
  1. Peter A. Miescher
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Laura Zavota
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Alejandra Ossandon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Bruno Lagana
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Peter A. Miescher.

Appendix

Appendix

List of 43 autoimmune diseases

  • Alopecia totalis

  • Ankylosing spondyloarthritis

  • Anticardiolipin syndrome

  • Aplastic anemia

  • Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

  • Basedow’s disease

  • Behçet’s syndrome

  • Bullous pemphigoid

  • Chronic active hepatitis

  • Churg Strauss syndrome

  • Cogan’s syndrome

  • Crohn’s disease

  • Cryoglobulinemia

  • Dermatomyositis

  • Discoid lupus erythematosus

  • Hashimoto thyroiditis

  • Idiopathic interstitial pneumopathy

  • Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

  • Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

  • Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome

  • Lichen planus

  • Motor neuron disease with splenomegaly

  • Multiple sclerosis

  • Myasthenia gravis

  • Nephrotic syndrome with splenomegaly

  • Pemphigus

  • Pericarditis, idiopathic with splenomegaly

  • Polyarteritis nodosa

  • Polymyalgia rheumatica

  • Polymyositis

  • Primary biliary cirrhosis

  • Psoriasis

  • Rheumatoid arthritis

  • Sarcoidosis

  • Sjögren’s disease

  • Still’s disease

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus

  • Systemic sclerosis

  • Takaiasu arteritis

  • Ulcerative colitis

  • Uveitis, idiopathic with splenomegaly

  • Weber-Christian disease

  • Wegener’s granulomatosis

Abbreviations used in the text

AIH:

autoimmune hepatitis

AIHA:

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

APC:

antigen-presenting cells

AS:

ankylosing spondyloarthritis

ASA:

acetylsalicylic acid

AZA:

azathioprine

BPEM:

bullous pemphigoid

BS:

Behçet’s syndrome

CAH:

chronic active hepatitis

CD:

cluster of differentiation

CsA:

cyclosporine A

Cy:

cyclophosphamide

DC:

dendritic cells

DM:

dermatomyositis

DP:

d-penicillamine

DXM:

dexamethasone

EBV:

Epstein-Barr virus

HCQ:

hydroxychloroquine

HCV:

hepatitis C virus

HLA:

human leukocyte antigen

IFN:

interferon

IL:

interleukin

IP:

interstitial pneumopathy

ITP:

idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

JIA:

juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Lef:

leflunomide

LKM:

liver-kidney microsomal

MHC:

major histocompatibility complex

MM:

mycophenolate mofetil

MP:

methylprednisolone

6-MP:

6-mercaptopurine

MRI:

magnetic resonance imaging

MS:

multiple sclerosis

MTX:

methotrexate

MY:

myasthenia gravis

NSAID:

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

PBC:

primary biliary cirrhosis

PC:

recurrent-remitting pericarditis

PEM:

pemphigus

PMN:

peripheral motor neuropathy

Pred:

prednisone

PSS:

progressive systemic sclerosis

RA:

rheumatoid arthritis

RF:

rheumatoid factor

SLE:

systemic lupus erythematosus

SSZ:

sulfasalazine

TCR:

T cell receptor

Th:

T helper

Thal:

thalidomide

TNF:

tumor necrosis factor

UC:

ulcerative colitis

UV:

idiopathic autoimmune uveitis

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Miescher, P.A., Zavota, L., Ossandon, A. et al. Autoimmune disorders: a concept of treatment based on mechanisms of disease. Springer Semin Immun 25 (Suppl 1), S5–S60 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-003-0151-1

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-003-0151-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation