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A 150-kDa glycoprotein isolated from Solanum nigrum L. has cytotoxic and apoptotic effects by inhibiting the effects of protein kinase C alpha, nuclear factor-kappa B and inducible nitric oxide in HCT-116 cells

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Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the anticancer effects of a 150-kDa glycoprotein isolated from Solanum nigrum L. (SNL glycoprotein) on spontaneously and experimentally induced tumor promotion in HCT-116 cells. For spontaneously induced tumor promotion, we evaluated the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in HCT-116 cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), DNA fragmentation, and H33342 and ethidium bromide staining assays. SNL glycoprotein had remarkable, dose-dependent cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing effects at low concentrations. For experimentally induced tumor promotion, we investigated whether the SNL glycoprotein was able to regulate the activity of protein kinase C alpha (PKCα), the DNA binding activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), the activity of NF-κB protein, and the production of nitric oxide (NO) in HCT-116 cells stimulated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) using electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA), Western blot analysis, and NO assays. As expected, SNL glycoprotein dose-dependently inhibited PKCα translocation, NF-κB DNA binding activity, NF-κB protein activity and NO production in HCT-116 cells stimulated with TPA (61.68 ng/ml, 100 nM). Collectively, these results suggest that SNL glycoprotein can induce apoptosis through the modulation of signal mediators. Therefore, we speculate that it could be used as a chemotherapy agent even at low concentrations in HCT-116 cells.

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Acknowledgement

This study was financially supported by Chonnam National University in the 2003 program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. No. 521, Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory and Biodefensive Substances Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-Dong, Kwangju, 500-757, South Korea

    Sei-Jung Lee, Phil-Sun Oh, Jeong-Hyeon Ko & Kye-Taek Lim

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z3

    Kwang Lim

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  1. Sei-Jung Lee
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Correspondence to Kye-Taek Lim.

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Lee, SJ., Oh, PS., Ko, JH. et al. A 150-kDa glycoprotein isolated from Solanum nigrum L. has cytotoxic and apoptotic effects by inhibiting the effects of protein kinase C alpha, nuclear factor-kappa B and inducible nitric oxide in HCT-116 cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 54, 562–572 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-004-0850-x

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