Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Wohlbefindensaspekte und deren Korrelate bei psychotherapeutisch arbeitenden Personen wurden selten untersucht. Aus anderen Berufsgruppen ist bekannt, dass sowohl das subjektive als auch das arbeitsbezogene Wohlbefinden wichtige Prädiktoren von Leistungsfähigkeit und Motivation, aber auch von psychischer und physischer Gesundheit sind. In der vorgestellten Studie wurden deshalb personale und arbeitsbezogene Ressourcen untersucht, die mit höherem Wohlbefinden von praktizierenden Psychotherapeuten einhergehen.
Methode
Im Rahmen eines Online-Survey beantworteten 771 Psychotherapeuten Fragen zu Wohlbefinden (WHO-Five Well-being Index, WBI-5), Burn-out (Maslach Burnout Inventory, MBI), persönlichen Ressourcen (Psychological Capital Questionnaire, PCQ) und arbeitsbezogenen Ressourcen (Dutch Questionnaire on Work Experience, VBBA).
Ergebnisse
Es berichteten 45 % der Befragten hohe emotionale Erschöpfung. Reduziertes subjektives Wohlbefinden zeigten über 30 % der Befragten; hierbei ging größere Berufserfahrung mit besserem Wohlbefinden einher. Als bedeutsamste personale Ressourcen wurden Optimismus und Hoffnung berichtet, während die Möglichkeiten persönlicher sowie fachlicher Weiterentwicklung die wichtigsten arbeitsbezogenen Ressourcen waren.
Schlussfolgerung
Die Studie liefert Hinweise zu Ressourcen, die für verschiedene Aspekte des Wohlbefindens von Therapeuten von Bedeutung sein können.
Abstract
Background
Well-being and its correlates have rarely been investigated in psychotherapists. Results from research on other occupational groups have shown that subjective and work-related well-being are both associated with performance and motivation as well as with mental and physical health. Therefore, personal and job-related resources of practicing psychotherapists were investigated in this study in order to assess their associations with well-being.
Method
A total of 771 psychotherapists filled in an online questionnaire including questions concerning well-being (WHO-Five Well-being Index, WBI-5), burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory, MBI), and personal (Psychological Capital Questionnaire, PCQ) as well as job-related (Dutch Questionnaire on Work Experience, VBBA) resources.
Outcomes
Of the participants 45 % reported that they were suffering from high emotional exhaustion. Over 30 % reported a reduced subjective well-being, while more extensive professional experience was associated with better well-being. Psychotherapists reported optimism and hope to be the most important personal resources, whereas opportunities for personal and professional development were the most important job-related resources.
Conclusions
The study identified personal and job-related resources which may be relevant for different aspects of well-being in psychotherapists.
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Reis, D., Schröder, A. & Schlarb, A. Wohlbefinden, Burn-out und Ressourcen bei Psychotherapeuten. Psychotherapeut 59, 46–51 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00278-013-0970-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00278-013-0970-z