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Familienplanung junger onkologischer Patienten

Rolle im ärztlichen Gespräch

Family planning of young cancer patients

Role in physician-patient communication

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Zusammenfassung

Patienten im jungen Erwachsenenalter trifft die Diagnose Krebs in einer Lebensphase, in der die Erfüllung des eigenen Kinderwunsches eine große Rolle spielt. Um fertilitätserhaltende Maßnahmen durchführen zu können, ist die Aufklärung der Patienten vor Behandlungsbeginn unerlässlich. Ob und wie die Fertilität im Arzt-Patient-Gespräch thematisiert wird, ist Gegenstand dieser Übersichtsarbeit. Hierfür wurde eine Literaturrecherche (Zeitraum 2000 bis 2010) durchgeführt. Eingeschlossen wurden insgesamt 21 Studien, die die Arzt-Patient-Kommunikation aus Sicht der Patienten bzw. des medizinischen Fachpersonals untersucht haben. Es ist noch nicht die Regel, dass Onkologen mit ihren Patienten über Fertilität bzw. deren Beeinträchtigungen durch die onkologische Behandlung sprechen. Sowohl Onkologen als auch die Betroffenen äußerten Kommunikationsschwierigkeiten. Eine Verbesserung des Arzt-Patient-Gesprächs bezüglich der Familienplanung kann durch die Bereitstellung von Richtlinien, die Schulung des medizinischen Personals sowie die Kooperation zwischen Onkologen und Reproduktionsmedizinern erreicht werden. Außerdem sollte auf die Ausbildung der Patientenkompetenz z. B. mithilfe von edukativem Material fokussiert werden.

Abstract

Cancer patients in young adulthood are affected by the cancer diagnosis in a period of life where future parenthood or fulfilling of a potential wish to have children plays an important role. To perform fertility preserving treatment, patients should be fully informed before any treatment is carried out. The following review broaches the issue of whether and how fertility concerns are discussed in the medical consultation. Therefore, relevant papers were identified by a database search between the years 2000 and 2010. A total of 21 studies were included which focussed on physician-patient communication from the point of view of the patients or healthcare professionals. Oncologists do not routinely speak to patients about fertility issues. Both oncologists and patients expressed communication difficulties. An improvement of the medical interview concerning family planning could be achieved by provision of guidelines, training for healthcare professionals, cooperation between oncologists and reproductive medicine and the provision of educational patient material.

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Danksagung

Die Autoren bedanken sich bei der Deutschen Josè Carreras Leukämie-Stiftung e. V. für ihre Unterstützung.

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Die korrespondierende Autorin gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

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Correspondence to Kristina Geue.

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Geue, K., Richter, D., Leuteritz, K. et al. Familienplanung junger onkologischer Patienten. Psychotherapeut 56, 371–378 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00278-011-0852-1

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