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Improved Vδ2+ T cells recovery correlates to reduced incidences of mortality and relapse in acute myeloid leukemia after hematopoietic transplantation

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Abstract

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients can benefit from allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) and achieve long-term remission. Recovery of T cell quantity and quality is critical to reduce the incidences of life-threatening complications after alloHCT. Although the general recovery level of γδ T cells is recognized to be associated with outcomes of patients who suffered from various hematological diseases and received alloHCT, the correlation between γδ T cell subsets and the prognosis in AML patients following transplantation remains to be investigated. In the current study, the recoveries of T cell subpopulations in 103 AML patients were dissected at different time points after haploidentical HCT (haploHCT). Statistical analyses showed that the absolute number of Vδ2+ T cells on day 90 was an independent risk factor for predicting 2-year OS in AML patients following haploHCT. The survival advantage from the improved recovery of day-90 Vδ2+ T cells was attributed to reducing the infection-related mortality. Consistently, lower 2-year non-relapse mortality was found in recipients with higher day-90 levels of Vδ2+ T cells. Notably, day-270 Vδ2+ T cell numbers reversely correlated to both 2-year and 5-year probabilities of relapse in this scenario. These results highlighted the significant correlation of Vδ2+ T cells recovery with long-term survival and relapse after alloHCT, suggesting that Vδ2+ T cells-based immune strategies may help control infectious complications and leukemia recurrence in AML patients.

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Funding

This study is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 82270171).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Keli Yue and Haitao Gao contributed equally

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China

    Keli Yue, Haitao Gao, Shuang Liang, Ning Wu, Cong Cheng, Lan-Ping Xu, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Yu Wang, Yifei Cheng, Xiao-Jun Huang & Jiangying Liu

  2. National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, China

    Keli Yue, Haitao Gao, Shuang Liang, Ning Wu, Cong Cheng, Lan-Ping Xu, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Yu Wang, Yifei Cheng, Xiao-Jun Huang & Jiangying Liu

  3. Beijing Key laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, China

    Keli Yue, Haitao Gao, Shuang Liang, Ning Wu, Cong Cheng, Lan-Ping Xu, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Yu Wang, Yifei Cheng, Xiao-Jun Huang & Jiangying Liu

  4. Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China

    Shuang Liang & Xiao-Jun Huang

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  1. Keli Yue
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jiangying Liu.

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Ethics approval

All procedures were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008. The study protocols have been approved by the Ethical Committee of Peking University Institute of Hematology. All patients signed the consent forms.

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Supplementary information

Supplementary materials 1:

Supplementary Fig. S1 Comparisons of the 2-year overall survival between recipients with higher and lower levels of γδ T subsets after haploHCT. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were conducted for the correlations of γδ T, Vδ1+ and Vδ2+ T-cell counts on day 30 (a-c), day 60 (d-f), day 180 (g-i), day 270 (j-l) and day 360 (m-o) with the 2-year overall survival following haploHCT. Supplementary Fig. S2 Comparisons of the 5-year overall survival between recipients with higher and lower levels of γδ T subsets after haploHCT. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were conducted for the correlations of γδ T, Vδ1+ and Vδ2+ T-cell counts on day 30 (a-c), day 60 (d-f), day 180 (g-i), day 270 (j-l) and day 360 (m-o) with the 5-year overall survival following haploHCT. Supplementary Fig. S3 Comparisons of the 2-year overall survival between recipients with higher and lower levels of αβ T subsets after haploHCT. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were conducted for the correlations of αβ T, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell counts on day 30 (a-c), day 60 (d-f), day 180 (g-i), day 270 (j-l) and day 360 (m-o) with the 2-year overall survival following haploHCT. Supplementary Fig. S4 Comparisons of the 5-year overall survival between recipients with higher and lower levels of αβ T subsets after haploHCT. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were conducted for the correlations of αβ T, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell counts on day 30 (a-c), day 60 (d-f), day 180 (g-i), day 270 (j-l) and day 360 (m-o) with the 5-year overall survival following haploHCT.

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Yue, K., Gao, H., Liang, S. et al. Improved Vδ2+ T cells recovery correlates to reduced incidences of mortality and relapse in acute myeloid leukemia after hematopoietic transplantation. Ann Hematol 102, 937–946 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-023-05125-5

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