Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation followed by interleukin-2 for adult acute myeloid leukemia patients with favorable or intermediate risk after complete remission

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Annals of Hematology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

High-dose chemotherapy followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is generally the optimal option for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, for favorable- and intermediate-risk patients, the regimen remains less understood due to graft versus host disease (GVHD) and increased non-relapsed mortality (NRM) caused by allo-HSCT. Additionally, the benefit of maintenance therapy has not yet been conclusively proven. Here, we conducted a retrospective study on the long-term outcome of AML patients with favorable or intermediate risk who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) followed by interleukin-2 (IL-2) subcutaneous injection as maintenance therapy. A total of 49 patients from 2007 to 2019 were included in our study. They all received a daunorubicin + cytarabine regimen as induction chemotherapy followed by four to six cycles of consolidation therapy with medium- or high-dose cytarabine. Once patients achieved complete remission (CR1), they started receiving auto-HSCT followed by IL-2 injections. The results showed that no patients stopped receiving IL-2 injections on account of adverse side effects, and the 5-year overall survival (OS) and leukemia-free survival (LFS) rates were 85.6 ± 5.0% and 78.5 ± 6.1%, respectively. The multivariate analysis also suggested that age, gender, initial white blood cell (WBC) count, AML subtype, cytogenetic risk, and conditioning regimen did not affect the prognosis. In conclusion, auto-HSCT followed by IL-2 injection is an effective treatment that can improve the prognosis of AML for patients with favorable or intermediate risk.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The data and materials analyzed in our study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable requests.

References

  1. Ley TJ, Miller C, Ding L, Raphael BJ, Mungall AJ, Robertson A, Hoadley K, Triche TJ Jr, Laird PW, Baty JD, Fulton LL, Fulton R, Heath SE, Kalicki-Veizer J, Kandoth C, Klco JM, Koboldt DC, Kanchi KL, Kulkarni S, Lamprecht TL, Larson DE, Lin L, Lu C, McLellan MD, McMichael JF, Payton J, Schmidt H, Spencer DH, Tomasson MH, Wallis JW, Wartman LD, Watson MA, Welch J, Wendl MC, Ally A, Balasundaram M, Birol I, Butterfield Y, Chiu R, Chu A, Chuah E, Chun HJ, Corbett R, Dhalla N, Guin R, He A, Hirst C, Hirst M, Holt RA, Jones S, Karsan A, Lee D, Li HI, Marra MA, Mayo M, Moore RA, Mungall K, Parker J, Pleasance E, Plettner P, Schein J, Stoll D, Swanson L, Tam A, Thiessen N, Varhol R, Wye N, Zhao Y, Gabriel S, Getz G, Sougnez C, Zou L, Leiserson MD, Vandin F, Wu HT, Applebaum F, Baylin SB, Akbani R, Broom BM, Chen K, Motter TC, Nguyen K, Weinstein JN, Zhang N, Ferguson ML, Adams C, Black A, Bowen J, Gastier-Foster J, Grossman T, Lichtenberg T, Wise L, Davidsen T, Demchok JA, Shaw KR, Sheth M, Sofia HJ, Yang L, Downing JR, Eley G (2013) Genomic and epigenomic landscapes of adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med 368(22):2059–2074. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1301689

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Medinger M, Heim D, Halter JP, Lengerke C, Passweg JR (2019) Diagnosis and therapy of acute myeloid leukemia. Ther Umsch 76(9):481–486. https://doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930/a001126

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Takami A (2018) Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia. Int J Hematol 107(5):513–518. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-018-2412-8

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Ganzel C, Rowe JM (2018) Revisiting autologous transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia. Curr Opin Hematol 25(2):95–102. https://doi.org/10.1097/moh.0000000000000408

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Harousseau JL, Cahn JY, Pignon B, Witz F, Milpied N, Delain M, Lioure B, Lamy T, Desablens B, Guilhot F, Caillot D, Abgrall JF, Francois S, Briere J, Guyotat D, Casassus P, Audhuy B, Tellier Z, Hurteloup P, Herve P (1997) Comparison of autologous bone marrow transplantation and intensive chemotherapy as postremission therapy in adult acute myeloid leukemia. The Groupe Ouest Est Leucémies Aiguës Myéloblastiques (GOELAM). Blood 90(8):2978–2986

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Breems DA, Boogaerts MA, Dekker AW, Van Putten WL, Sonneveld P, Huijgens PC, Van der Lelie J, Vellenga E, Gratwohl A, Verhoef GE, Verdonck LF, Löwenberg B (2005) Autologous bone marrow transplantation as consolidation therapy in the treatment of adult patients under 60 years with acute myeloid leukaemia in first complete remission: a prospective randomized Dutch-Belgian Haemato-Oncology Co-operative Group (HOVON) and Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK) trial. Br J Haematol 128(1):59–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2141.2004.05282.x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Cassileth PA, Harrington DP, Appelbaum FR, Lazarus HM, Rowe JM, Paietta E, Willman C, Hurd DD, Bennett JM, Blume KG, Head DR, Wiernik PH (1998) Chemotherapy compared with autologous or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in the management of acute myeloid leukemia in first remission. N Engl J Med 339(23):1649–1656. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm199812033392301

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Burnett AK, Goldstone AH, Stevens RM, Hann IM, Rees JK, Gray RG, Wheatley K (1998) Randomised comparison of addition of autologous bone-marrow transplantation to intensive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia in first remission: results of MRC AML 10 trial. UK Medical Research Council Adult and Children’s Leukaemia Working Parties. Lancet (London, England) 351(9104):700–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(97)09214-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Vellenga E, van Putten W, Ossenkoppele GJ, Verdonck LF, Theobald M, Cornelissen JJ, Huijgens PC, Maertens J, Gratwohl A, Schaafsma R, Schanz U, Graux C, Schouten HC, Ferrant A, Bargetzi M, Fey MF, Löwenberg B (2011) Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 118(23):6037–6042. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-07-370247

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Heini AD, Berger MD, Seipel K, Taleghani BM, Baerlocher GM, Leibundgut K, Banz Y, Novak U, Pabst T (2017) Consolidation with autologous stem cell transplantation in first remission is safe and effective in AML patients above 65 years. Leuk Res 53:28–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leukres.2016.12.001

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Zittoun RA, Mandelli F, Willemze R, de Witte T, Labar B, Resegotti L, Leoni F, Damasio E, Visani G, Papa G, et al. (1995) Autologous or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation compared with intensive chemotherapy in acute myelogenous leukemia. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) and the Gruppo Italiano Malattie Ematologiche Maligne dell’Adulto (GIMEMA) Leukemia Cooperative Groups. New Engl J Med 332 (4):217-223. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm199501263320403

  12. Schlenk RF, Taskesen E, van Norden Y, Krauter J, Ganser A, Bullinger L, Gaidzik VI, Paschka P, Corbacioglu A, Göhring G, Kündgen A, Held G, Götze K, Vellenga E, Kuball J, Schanz U, Passweg J, Pabst T, Maertens J, Ossenkoppele GJ, Delwel R, Döhner H, Cornelissen JJ, Döhner K, Löwenberg B (2013) The value of allogeneic and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in prognostically favorable acute myeloid leukemia with double mutant CEBPA. Blood 122(9):1576–1582. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2013-05-503847

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Cornelissen JJ, Versluis J, Passweg JR, van Putten WL, Manz MG, Maertens J, Beverloo HB, Valk PJ, van Marwijk KM, Wijermans PW, Schaafsma MR, Biemond BJ, Vekemans MC, Breems DA, Verdonck LF, Fey MF, Jongen-Lavrencic M, Janssen JJ, Huls G, Kuball J, Pabst T, Graux C, Schouten HC, Gratwohl A, Vellenga E, Ossenkoppele G, Löwenberg B (2015) Comparative therapeutic value of post-remission approaches in patients with acute myeloid leukemia aged 40–60 years. Leukemia 29(5):1041–1050. https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2014.332

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Chen J, Yang L, Fan Y, Xu Y, Han Y, Tang X, Qiu H, Fu C, Miao M, Chen F, Wu D (2018) Comparison of autologous stem cell transplantation versus haploidentical donor stem cell transplantation for favorable- and intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia patients in first complete remission. Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation 24 (4):779-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.12.796

  15. Chevallier P, Labopin M, Socie G, Rubio MT, Blaise D, Vigouroux S, Huynh A, Michallet M, Bay JO, Maury S, Yakoub-Agha I, Fegueux N, Deconinck E, Contentin N, Maillard N, Bulabois CE, Francois S, Oumedaly R, Raus N, Mohty M (2015) Comparison of umbilical cord blood allogeneic stem cell transplantation vs. auto-SCT for adult acute myeloid leukemia patients in second complete remission at transplant: a retrospective study on behalf of the SFGM-TC. Eur J Haematol 94 (5):449–455. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/ejh.12451

  16. Yao J, Zhang G, Liang C, Li G, Chen X, Ma Q, Zhai W, Yang D, He Y, Jiang E, Feng S, Han M (2017) Combination of cytogenetic classification and MRD status correlates with outcome of autologous versus allogeneic stem cell transplantation in adults with primary acute myeloid leukemia in first remission. Leuk Res 55:97–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leukres.2017.01.026

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Yanada M, Takami A, Mizuno S, Mori J, Chou T, Usuki K, Uchiyama H, Amano I, Fujii S, Miyamoto T, Saito T, Kamimura T, Ichinohe T, Fukuda T, Okamoto S, Atsuta Y, Yano S (2020) Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia in adults: 25 years of experience in Japan. Int J Hematol 111(1):93–102. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-019-02759-y

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Hirakawa M, Matos TR, Liu H, Koreth J, Kim HT, Paul NE, Murase K, Whangbo J, Alho AC, Nikiforow S, Cutler C, Ho VT, Armand P, Alyea EP, Antin JH, Blazar BR, Lacerda JF, Soiffer RJ, Ritz J (2016) Low-dose IL-2 selectively activates subsets of CD4(+) Tregs and NK cells. JCI insight 1(18):e89278. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.89278

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Soiffer RJ, Murray C, Gonin R, Ritz J (1994) Effect of low-dose interleukin-2 on disease relapse after T-cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Blood 84(3):964–971

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Kennedy-Nasser AA, Ku S, Castillo-Caro P, Hazrat Y, Wu MF, Liu H, Melenhorst J, Barrett AJ, Ito S, Foster A, Savoldo B, Yvon E, Carrum G, Ramos CA, Krance RA, Leung K, Heslop HE, Brenner MK, Bollard CM (2014) Ultra low-dose IL-2 for GVHD prophylaxis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation mediates expansion of regulatory T cells without diminishing antiviral and antileukemic activity. Clin Cancer Res 20(8):2215–2225. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.Ccr-13-3205

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Lowdell MW, Koh MB (2000) Immunotherapy of AML: future directions. J Clin Pathol 53(1):49–54. https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.53.1.49

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  22. Becknell B, Caligiuri MA (2005) Interleukin-2, interleukin-15, and their roles in human natural killer cells. Adv Immunol 86:209–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2776(04)86006-1

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Adler A, Albo V, Blatt J, Whiteside TL, Herberman RB (1989) Interleukin-2 induction of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity in the peripheral blood and bone marrow of acute leukemia patients: II. Feasibility of LAK generation in children with active disease and in remission. Blood 74(5):1690–1697

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Lauria F, Raspadori D, Rondelli D, Ventura MA, Foà R (1994) In vitro susceptibility of acute leukemia cells to the cytotoxic activity of allogeneic and autologous lymphokine activated killer (LAK) effectors: correlation with the rate and duration of complete remission and with survival. Leukemia 8(5):724–728

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Tajima F, Kawatani T, Endo A, Kawasaki H (1996) Natural killer cell activity and cytokine production as prognostic factors in adult acute leukemia. Leukemia 10(3):478–482

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Petit A, Ducassou S, Leblanc T, Pasquet M, Rousseau A, Ragu C, Cachanado M, Nelken B, Bertrand Y, Michel G, Gandemer V, Cuccuini W, Fenneteau O, Lapillonne H, Auvrignon A, Baruchel A, Leverger G (2018) Maintenance Therapy With Interleukin-2 for childhood AML: results of ELAM02 phase iii randomized trial. HemaSphere 2(6):e159. https://doi.org/10.1097/hs9.0000000000000159

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  27. Maraninchi D, Blaise D, Viens P, Brandely M, Olive D, Lopez M, Sainty D, Marit G, Stoppa AM, Reiffers J et al (1991) High-dose recombinant interleukin-2 and acute myeloid leukemias in relapse. Blood 78(9):2182–2187

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Meloni G, Foa R, Vignetti M, Guarini A, Fenu S, Tosti S, Tos AG, Mandelli F (1994) Interleukin-2 may induce prolonged remissions in advanced acute myelogenous leukemia. Blood 84(7):2158–2163

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Maraninchi D, Vey N, Viens P, Stoppa AM, Archimbaud E, Attal M, Baume D, Bouabdallah R, Demeoq F, Fleury J, Michallet M, Olive D, Reiffers J, Sainty D, Tabilio A, Tiberghien P, Brandely M, Hercend T, Blaise D (1998) A phase II study of interleukin-2 in 49 patients with relapsed or refractory acute leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 31(3–4):343–349. https://doi.org/10.3109/10428199809059227

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Helbig G, Koclęga A, Woźniczka K, Kopera M, Kyrcz-Krzemień S (2018) Long-term outcome of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) for acute myeloid leukemia (AML)- single center retrospective analysis. Pathol Oncol Res 24(3):469–475. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-017-0266-7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Borlenghi E, Cattaneo C, Cerqui E, Archetti S, Bertoli D, Bellotti D, Gramegna D, Soverini G, Oberti M, Schieppati F, Pagani C, Passi A, Sciumé M, Farina M, Carbone C, Crippa C, Dalceggio D, Tucci A, Rossi G (2020) Postremission therapy with repeated courses of high-dose cytarabine, idarubicin, and limited autologous stem cell support achieves a very good long-term outcome in European leukemia net favorable and intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia. Hematol Oncol 38(5):754–762. https://doi.org/10.1002/hon.2806

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Cornelissen JJ, Blaise D (2016) Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for patients with AML in first complete remission. Blood 127(1):62–70. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2015-07-604546

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Sievers EL, Lange BJ, Sondel PM, Krailo MD, Gan J, Tjoa T, Liu-Mares W, Feig SA (2000) Children’s cancer group trials of interleukin-2 therapy to prevent relapse of acute myelogenous leukemia. Cancer J Sci Am 6(Suppl 1):S39-44

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Pautas C, Merabet F, Thomas X, Raffoux E, Gardin C, Corm S, Bourhis JH, Reman O, Turlure P, Contentin N, de Revel T, Rousselot P, Preudhomme C, Bordessoule D, Fenaux P, Terré C, Michallet M, Dombret H, Chevret S, Castaigne S (2010) Randomized study of intensified anthracycline doses for induction and recombinant interleukin-2 for maintenance in patients with acute myeloid leukemia age 50 to 70 years: results of the ALFA-9801 study. J Clin Oncol 28(5):808–814. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.23.2652

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Baer MR, George SL, Caligiuri MA, Sanford BL, Bothun SM, Mrózek K, Kolitz JE, Powell BL, Moore JO, Stone RM, Anastasi J, Bloomfield CD, Larson RA (2008) Low-dose interleukin-2 immunotherapy does not improve outcome of patients age 60 years and older with acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission: Cancer and Leukemia Group B Study 9720. J Clin Oncol 26(30):4934–4939. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.17.0472

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  36. Buyse M, Squifflet P, Lange BJ, Alonzo TA, Larson RA, Kolitz JE, George SL, Bloomfield CD, Castaigne S, Chevret S, Blaise D, Maraninchi D, Lucchesi KJ, Burzykowski T (2011) Individual patient data meta-analysis of randomized trials evaluating IL-2 monotherapy as remission maintenance therapy in acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 117(26):7007–7013. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-02-337725

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  37. Brune M, Castaigne S, Catalano J, Gehlsen K, Ho AD, Hofmann WK, Hogge DE, Nilsson B, Or R, Romero AI, Rowe JM, Simonsson B, Spearing R, Stadtmauer EA, Szer J, Wallhult E, Hellstrand K (2006) Improved leukemia-free survival after postconsolidation immunotherapy with histamine dihydrochloride and interleukin-2 in acute myeloid leukemia: results of a randomized phase 3 trial. Blood 108(1):88–96. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-10-4073

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Palva IP, Almqvist A, Elonen E, Hänninen A, Jouppila J, Järventie G, Koivunen E, Kätkä K, Lahtinen R, Oivanen T et al (1991) Value of maintenance therapy with chemotherapy or interferon during remission of acute myeloid leukaemia. Eur J Haematol 47(3):229–233. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0609.1991.tb01560.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Blum W, Sanford BL, Klisovic R, DeAngelo DJ, Uy G, Powell BL, Stock W, Baer MR, Kolitz JE, Wang ES, Hoke E, Mrózek K, Kohlschmidt J, Bloomfield CD, Geyer S, Marcucci G, Stone RM, Larson RA (2017) Maintenance therapy with decitabine in younger adults with acute myeloid leukemia in first remission: a phase 2 Cancer and Leukemia Group B Study (CALGB 10503). Leukemia 31(1):34–39. https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2016.252

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Meloni G, Foà R, Tosti S, Vignetti M, Mancini F, Guarini A, Marchis D, Gavosto F, Mandelli F (1992) Autologous bone marrow transplantation followed by interleukin-2 in children with advanced leukemia: a pilot study. Leukemia 6(8):780–785

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Blaise D, Attal M, Reiffers J, Michallet M, Bellanger C, Pico JL, Stoppa AM, Payen C, Marit G, Bouabdallah R, Sotto JJ, Rossi JF, Brandely M, Hercend T, Maraninchi D (2000) Randomized study of recombinant interleukin-2 after autologous bone marrow transplantation for acute leukemia in first complete remission. Eur Cytokine Netw 11(1):91–98

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Stein AS, O’Donnell MR, Slovak ML, Snyder DS, Nademanee AP, Parker P, Molina A, Somlo G, Fung HC, Krishnan A, Rodriguez R, Spielberger RT, Wang S, Dagis A, Vora N, Arber DA, Niland JC, Forman SJ (2003) Interleukin-2 after autologous stem-cell transplantation for adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission. J Clin Oncol 21(4):615–623. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2003.12.125

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Rashidi A, Walter RB, Tallman MS, Appelbaum FR, DiPersio JF (2016) Maintenance therapy in acute myeloid leukemia: an evidence-based review of randomized trials. Blood 128(6):763–773. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2016-03-674127

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  44. Döhner H, Estey EH, Amadori S, Appelbaum FR, Büchner T, Burnett AK, Dombret H, Fenaux P, Grimwade D, Larson RA, Lo-Coco F, Naoe T, Niederwieser D, Ossenkoppele GJ, Sanz MA, Sierra J, Tallman MS, Löwenberg B, Bloomfield CD (2010) Diagnosis and management of acute myeloid leukemia in adults: recommendations from an international expert panel, on behalf of the European LeukemiaNet. Blood 115(3):453–474. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-07-235358

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Döhner H, Estey E, Grimwade D, Amadori S, Appelbaum FR, Büchner T, Dombret H, Ebert BL, Fenaux P, Larson RA, Levine RL, Lo-Coco F, Naoe T, Niederwieser D, Ossenkoppele GJ, Sanz M, Sierra J, Tallman MS, Tien HF, Wei AH, Löwenberg B, Bloomfield CD (2017) Diagnosis and management of AML in adults: 2017 ELN recommendations from an international expert panel. Blood 129(4):424–447. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2016-08-733196

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  46. Ciceri F, Labopin M, Aversa F, Rowe JM, Bunjes D, Lewalle P, Nagler A, Di Bartolomeo P, Lacerda JF, Lupo Stanghellini MT, Polge E, Frassoni F, Martelli MF, Rocha V (2008) A survey of fully haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in adults with high-risk acute leukemia: a risk factor analysis of outcomes for patients in remission at transplantation. Blood 112(9):3574–3581. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-02-140095

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Ruggeri A, Labopin M, Sanz G, Piemontese S, Arcese W, Bacigalupo A, Blaise D, Bosi A, Huang H, Karakasis D, Koc Y, Michallet M, Picardi A, Sanz J, Santarone S, Sengelov H, Sierra J, Vincent L, Volt F, Nagler A, Gluckman E, Ciceri F, Rocha V, Mohty M (2015) Comparison of outcomes after unrelated cord blood and unmanipulated haploidentical stem cell transplantation in adults with acute leukemia. Leukemia 29(9):1891–1900. https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2015.98

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Ciurea SO, Zhang MJ, Bacigalupo AA, Bashey A, Appelbaum FR, Aljitawi OS, Armand P, Antin JH, Chen J, Devine SM, Fowler DH, Luznik L, Nakamura R, O’Donnell PV, Perales MA, Pingali SR, Porter DL, Riches MR, Ringdén OT, Rocha V, Vij R, Weisdorf DJ, Champlin RE, Horowitz MM, Fuchs EJ, Eapen M (2015) Haploidentical transplant with posttransplant cyclophosphamide vs matched unrelated donor transplant for acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 126(8):1033–1040. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2015-04-639831

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  49. Wang Y, Liu QF, Xu LP, Liu KY, Zhang XH, Ma X, Fan ZP, Wu DP, Huang XJ (2015) Haploidentical vs identical-sibling transplant for AML in remission: a multicenter, prospective study. Blood 125(25):3956–3962. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2015-02-627786

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Oriol A, Ribera JM, Esteve J, Guàrdia R, Brunet S, Bueno J, Pedro C, Llorente A, Tormo M, Besalduch J, Sánchez JM, Batlle M, Vivancos P, Carreras E, Vilà JM, Julià A, Sierra J, Montserrat E, Feliu E (2004) Feasibility and results of autologous stem cell transplantation in de novo acute myeloid leukemia in patients over 60 years old. Results of the CETLAM AML-99 protocol. Haematologica 89 (7):791–800

Download references

Acknowledgements

Not applicable.

Funding

This work was financially supported by key research and development program of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province (2019YFS0104).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Qiang Zeng and Zhigang Liu contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China

    Qiang Zeng, Bing Xiang & Zhigang Liu

Authors
  1. Qiang Zeng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bing Xiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Zhigang Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Q.Z.: analyzed the data and wrote the paper;

B.X.: collected and analyzed the data;

Z.L.: guided the experimental design and supervision.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhigang Liu.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The Institutional Review Board of West China Hospital approved the study and waived the need to obtain patient consent due to retrospective resources and not involving human participants and/or tissue.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (PDF 1064 KB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zeng, Q., Xiang, B. & Liu, Z. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation followed by interleukin-2 for adult acute myeloid leukemia patients with favorable or intermediate risk after complete remission. Ann Hematol 101, 1711–1718 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-022-04863-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-022-04863-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation