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Can prognostic scoring systems for chronic myeloid leukemia as established in adults be applied to pediatric patients?

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Abstract

In contrast to adult medicine, specific scoring systems predicting the treatment response for an individual pediatric patient (pt) with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) have not yet been defined. We evaluated to what extend prognostic scores as described for adults (e.g., Sokal, Hasford, EUTOS score) resulted in comparable risk group categorizations in a pediatric cohort. Parameters for score calculation were extracted from a data set of 90 patients enrolled into trial CML-PAED-II and treated by a standard dose of imatinib. At month 3 and at month 6, treatment response was analyzed based on the transcript ratio BCR-ABL1/ABL1. By the EUTOS, Hasford, and Sokal scores 81, 59, and 62 % of the patients were categorized as low risk, respectively; 19, 14, and 16 % of the patients as high risk, respectively; and by Hasford and Sokal scores 27 and 22 % of the patients, respectively, as intermediate risk. Twenty-seven out of 72 patients analyzable (38 %) exhibited a transcript ratio >10 % at month 3. We show that only the EUTOS score, but not the Sokal and Hasford score, correlates with this early outcome (p = 0.008). Analyzing the EUTOS score separately, we can demonstrate that lowering the cutoff from 87 to 48 points for categorization in low- and high-risk individuals increases the odds ratio from 2.4 (95 % CI 0.6 to 10.4) to 3.6 (95 % CI 1.3 to 10.9). Data are provided on the distribution of risk categories and resulting discrepancies when adult scores are applied on children and adolescents with CML at diagnosis. A larger number of patients and longer follow-up are still needed to develop a prognostic score specifically adapted to the pediatric and adolescent age cohorts.

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Acknowledgments

The ongoing support of treating physicians and study nurses participating in CML-PAED trials and in data collection transfer is gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank Christina Nowasz, study nurse of CML-PAED-II, for her valuable assistance. This work was supported financially with an educational grant by Peter-Escher-Foundation for Promotion of Research in Pediatric Hemato-Oncology (Leipzig, Germany). IG was supported by an e:Bio grant of the German Ministry for Research and Education (“MessAge,” BMBF-FKZ 031A315). Results were in part presented as poster at the Meeting of the American Society of Hematology on December 2013 [56].

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital “Carl Gustav Carus”, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany

      David Gurrea Salas, Josephine T. Tauer & Meinolf Suttorp

    2. Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany

      Ingmar Glauche

    3. Medical Clinic I, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital “Carl Gustav Carus”, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany

      Christian Thiede

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    1. David Gurrea Salas
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    Correspondence to Meinolf Suttorp.

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    David Gurrea Salas and Ingmar Glauche contributed equally to this work.

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    Gurrea Salas, D., Glauche, I., Tauer, J.T. et al. Can prognostic scoring systems for chronic myeloid leukemia as established in adults be applied to pediatric patients?. Ann Hematol 94, 1363–1371 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-015-2367-2

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