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C-kit receptor tyrosine kinase (CD117) expression and its positive predictive value for the diagnosis of Thai adult acute myeloid leukemia

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Abstract

We examined the expression of c-kit receptor tyrosine kinase in 195 Thai adult patients with acute leukemia and determined its specificity and predictive values for the diagnosis of adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML). CD117 was used to detect c-kit expression on CD45 and side-scatter-gated blast cells by flow cytometry. Of 163 AML cases, 67% expressed CD117. None of acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) had CD117 expression, except one case of T-ALL. The majority of AML patients carrying t(8;21), inv(16), and t(15;17) had high CD117 expression. High proportion of AML cases without c-kit expressed monocytic markers. Significant associations between CD117 and CD34 (P<0.001), CD13 (P=0.006), CD7 (P=0.034), and CD19 (P<0.001) were found in AML cases. The calculated specificity of CD117 for the diagnosis of AML was 0.97, which was higher than CD13 (0.78) and CD33 (0.75) but comparable to MPO (0.97). The positive predictive value (PPV) of CD117 for AML was 0.99, with the negative predictive value of 0.35. In conclusion, the majority of Thai adult AML cases expressed c-kit. C-kit is infrequently expressed in ALL and appeared to be specific for AML with high PPV. Future targeting therapy using c-kit as a therapeutic target should benefit the majority of Thai AML patients who had high c-kit expression.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the staff of the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, for the excellent care of the patients in this study, and Ms. Kunjirat Promreung for her technical assistance. The major financial support from Mahidol University is greatly appreciated. Dr. Chirayu Udomsakdi Auewarakul is the recipient of the Faculty Development Awards from Anandamahidol Foundation and Siriraj Chalermprakiat Fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Prannok Rd., Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand

    Chirayu U. Auewarakul, Orathai Promsuwicha & Chanya Munkhetvit

  2. Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

    Darat Lauhakirti

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  1. Chirayu U. Auewarakul
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  2. Darat Lauhakirti
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  3. Orathai Promsuwicha
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  4. Chanya Munkhetvit
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Correspondence to Chirayu U. Auewarakul.

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Auewarakul, C.U., Lauhakirti, D., Promsuwicha, O. et al. C-kit receptor tyrosine kinase (CD117) expression and its positive predictive value for the diagnosis of Thai adult acute myeloid leukemia. Ann Hematol 85, 108–112 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-005-0039-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-005-0039-3

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