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Associations among palatal impaction of canine, sella turcica bridging, and ponticulus posticus (atlas arcuate foramen)

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Abstract

Introduction

The palatal impaction of canine (PIC) can be predicted by some head and neck skeletal anomalies or variants. Since studies on this regard (especially vertebral anomalies) are scarce, this study was conducted.

Methods

This case–control study was done on 46 PIC orthodontic patients (34 females, 12 males) and 46 control orthodontic patients (36 females, 10 males). The diagnosis of PIC was done on lateral cephalographs and panoramic radiographs. On cephalographs, sella turcica bridging (occurrence and severity) and ponticulus posticus (occurrence and severity) were assessed. Associations between PIC, sella bridging, and ponticulus posticus were examined statistically (α = 0.05, β ≤ 0.2).

Results

Cases’ and controls’ mean ages were 17.7 ± 4.0 and 17.4 ± 3.5, respectively. Of the case subjects, 22, 22, and 2 had respectively types I (normal), II, and III of sella bridging, while these numbers were 34, 12, and 0 in controls (chi-square P = 0.023 for severity, 0.010 for occurrence). Ponticulus posticus was observed in 28 cases (7 completed) and 17 controls (6 completed, P = 0.022 for occurrence, 0.056 for severity). Sella bridging was not associated with ponticulus posticus (Spearman P = 0.150). According to binary logistic regression, sella bridging can increase the odds of palatal canine impaction for OR = 2.8 times, while ponticulus posticus for OR = 2.6. Age and sex did not affect sella bridging or ponticulus posticus.

Conclusions

Both sella bridging and ponticulus posticus can predict an increased rate of PIC for more than 2.5 times.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Dean of Research for their support.

Funding

The study was self-funded by the authors and their institutions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dental Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

    Sepideh Dadgar & Farhad Sobouti

  2. Orthodontic Department, Dental Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

    Sepideh Dadgar & Farhad Sobouti

  3. Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Dental Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

    Mona Alimohamadi

  4. Student Research Committee, Dental Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

    Nikoo Rajabi

  5. Department of Anatomy, Dental School, Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Vahid Rakhshan

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  1. Sepideh Dadgar
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  2. Mona Alimohamadi
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  3. Nikoo Rajabi
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  4. Vahid Rakhshan
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  5. Farhad Sobouti
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Contributions

SD, MA, and FS conceived the idea, designed and performed experiments, and supervised the thesis. NR performed experiments and wrote the thesis. VR analyzed the data and drafted the article.

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Correspondence to Farhad Sobouti.

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Dadgar, S., Alimohamadi, M., Rajabi, N. et al. Associations among palatal impaction of canine, sella turcica bridging, and ponticulus posticus (atlas arcuate foramen). Surg Radiol Anat 43, 93–99 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-020-02548-x

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