Abstract
Purpose
We quantified variations of the lingual artery origin, measured the lingual artery origin distance from clinical relevant landmarks and compared the lingual artery diameters with normal and variable origin.
Methods
Forty-two formalin fixed male cadavers were bilaterally evaluated. Measurements were performed with the aid of an electronic digital caliper.
Results
The origin distances from the common carotid artery bifurcation was 1.05 ± 0.11 and 1.02 ± 0.11 cm for the right and left lingual arteries respectively with no differences compared to the lingual–facial trunks. The diameters of the lingual arteries were 0.25 ± 0.01 and 0.26 ± 0.01 cm for the right and left sides, respectively, while the lingual–facial trunks showed diameters of 0.21 ± 0.02 and 0.24 ± 0.02 cm for the right and left sides, respectively.
Conclusions
The present study adds information on the lingual artery diameter and its anatomical relation to clinically useful landmarks.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bergman RA, Thompson SA, Afifi AK (1984) Catalog of human variation. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Baltimore, p 97
Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM (2005) Gray’s anatomy for students. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, Philadelphia, p 911
Fazan VPS, Ribeiro RA, Ribeiro JAS et al (2003) Right retroesophageal subclavian artery. Acta Cir Bras 18(Suppl 5):54–56
Fazan VPS, Borges CT, da Silva JH et al (2004) Superficial palmar arch: an arterial diameter study. J Anat 204:307–311
Fazan VPS, Caetano AG, Filho OAR (2004) Anomalous origin and cervical course of the vertebral artery in the presence of a retroesophageal right subclavian artery. Clin Anat 17:354–357
Gluncic V, Petanjek Z, Marusic A et al (2001) High bifurcation of common carotid artery, anomalous origin of ascending pharyngeal artery and anomalous branching pattern of external carotid artery. Surg Radiol Anat 23:123–125
Hayashi N, Hori E, Ohtani Y et al (2005) Surgical anatomy of the cervical carotid artery for carotid endarterectomy. Neurol Med Chir 45:25–30
Homze EJ, Harn SD, Bavitz BJ (1997) Extraoral ligation of the lingual artery, an anatomical study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 83:321–324
Kaneko K, Akita M, Murata E et al (1996) Unilateral anomalous left common carotid artery; a case report. Ann Anat 178:477–480
Kawai K, Imanishi N, Nakajima H et al (2004) Arterial anatomy of the upper lip. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 38:135–139
Koh KS, Kim HJ, Oh CS et al (2003) Branching patterns and symmetry of the course of the facial artery in Koreans. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 32:414–418
Lemaire V, Jacquemin G, Medot M et al (2001) Thyrolingual trunk arising from the common carotid artery: a case report. Surg Radiol Anat 23:135–137
Lippert H, Pabst R (1985) Arterial variations in man. Classification and frequency. J.F. Bergmann Verlag, Müchen, p 83
Loukas M, Hullet J, Louis RG Jr et al (2006) A detailed observation of variations of the facial artery, with emphasis on the superior labial artery. Surg Radiol Anat 28:316–324
Lucev N, Bobinac D, Maric I et al (2000) Variations of the great arteries in the carotid triangle. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 122:590–591
Magden O, Edizer M, Atabey A et al (2004) Cadaveric study of the arterial anatomy of the upper lip. Plast Reconstr Surg 114:355–359
Mann HB, Whiney DR (1947) On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Ann Math Stat 18:50–60
Nakajima H, Imanishi N, Aiso S (2002) Facial artery in the upper lip and nose: anatomy and clinical application. Plast Reconstr Surg 109:855–861
Nayak S (2006) Abnormal intra-parotid origin of the facial artery. Saudi Med J 27:1602
Ong LD, LeClare PC (1968) The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test for normality of sample cumulative frequency distributions. Health Phys 14:376
Pinar YA, Bilge O, Govsa F (2005) Anatomic study of the blood supply of perioral region. Clin Anat 18:330–339
Pretterklieber ML, Krammer EB, Mayr R (1991) A bilateral maxillofacial trunk in man: an extraordinary anomaly of the carotid system of arteries. Acta Anat 141:206–211
Ribeiro RA, Ribeiro JAS, Filho OAR et al (2006) Common carotid artery bifurcation levels related to clinical relevant anatomical landmarks. Int J Morphol 24:413–416
Rosenthal R (1968) An application of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test for normality with estimated mean and variance. Psychol Rep 22:570
Soikkonen K, Wolf J, Mattila K (1995) Tortuosty of the lingual artery and coronary atherosclerosis. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 33:309–311
Acknowledgments
We thank the late Mr Arnaldo Geraldino, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Department of Biological Sciences, for excellent technical support while the study was carried out. Grant sponsor: FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo); Grant numbers: 06/03200-7 and 06/06362-8; Grant sponsor: CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Tecnologia); Grant number: 303802/2006-5.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fazan, V.P.S., da Silva, J.H.N., Borges, C.T. et al. An anatomical study on the lingual–facial trunk. Surg Radiol Anat 31, 267–270 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-008-0439-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-008-0439-x