Abstract
To reduce the risks of water scarcity and guarantee food security for present and future generations, it is essential to increase the water productivity in irrigated agriculture. This increase can be achieved by adopting irrigation management (IM) techniques that avoid insufficient or excessive water application. IM aims at maintaining the soil water status within a range ideal for crop development which is usually defined by an upper and lower threshold of matric potential. The effect of different upper and lower thresholds of matric potential in drip irrigation management on the fruit yield and water productivity of the yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims, BRS Gigante Amarelo) propagated by seed and cuttings was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. The passion fruit plants were grown in fiberglass reservoirs, each with a surface area of 1.44 m2 and height of 0.60 m, filled with sandy-loam soil. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 × 4 factorial scheme: two forms of propagation (seed and cuttings) and four critical upper limits of soil water matric potential (− 6, − 10, − 20, and − 33 kPa) were used to calculate the volume of water to be applied in irrigation by drip at a fixed frequency. Soil hydraulic properties were obtained through inverse modeling with Hydrus—1D and soil water content was determined using Time Domain Reflectometry—TDR. The number of fruits per plant and per hectare, fruit yield per plant and per hectare, water productivity as a function of the mass of the fruits, and as a function of the mass of the endocarp (pulp with seeds) were evaluated. The different forms of vegetative propagation did not affect fruit yield and water productivity. On the other hand, the upper matric potential thresholds impacted the number of fruits per plant, fruit yield, and water productivity. We recommend that a potential range centered on − 10 kPa with upper and lower thresholds between − 6.95 and − 19.85 kPa should be used for yellow passion fruit irrigation management.
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The authors would like to thank the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for the financial support for the research.
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dos Anjos Veimrober Júnior, L.A., da Silva, A.J.P., Gheyi, H.R. et al. Water productivity of passion fruit under different forms of propagation and soil-based irrigation management criteria. Irrig Sci 40, 423–433 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-021-00766-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-021-00766-8