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Responses of yield, water use efficiency and quality of short-season cotton to irrigation management: interactive effects of irrigation methods and deficit irrigation

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Abstract

Transplanted short-season cotton followed by winter wheat is widely cultivated in the North China Plain (NCP). However, data and guidelines on irrigation water management for the short-season cotton cultivation are lacking. In order to determine optimal irrigation practices for transplanted cotton in the NCP, a field experiment with surface drip and border irrigation was conducted in 2011, 2012 and 2013 seasons. Four irrigation treatments, namely full drip (DT), full border (BT), deficit drip (DDT) and deficit border (DBT) irrigation treatments, were evaluated on the basis of vegetative growth, evapotranspiration (ET), cotton yield, water use efficiency (WUE) and fiber quality. Results showed that the average seasonal ET ranged from 358 to 449 mm. Compared to the border irrigation, the drip irrigation improved vegetative growth, and the deficit irrigation inhibited vegetative growth compared with the full irrigation. DT produced the highest seed cotton yield of 3164 kg ha−1, while the minimum seed cotton yield of 2459 kg ha−1 was produced in the DBT. On average, DDT produced the largest WUE of 0.83 kg m−3, while the smallest in BT. On average, 33.4 % of the irrigation water was saved by DT compared to BT, and drip irrigation increased seed cotton yield by 11.5 %. In addition, drip irrigation tended to increase the fiber length and optimize the micronaire value. Deficit irrigation significantly decreased the fiber strength and reduced the fiber length. Overall, the DT is recommended as the optimal irrigation strategy for the short-season cotton in the NCP.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge the financial support from the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-18-19), the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest (201203077) and the Special Fund in the Public Interest of Ministry of Water Resources (201501017).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China

    Hao Liu, Yang Gao, Jingsheng Sun, Xiaolei Wu, Shiva Kumar Jha, Hao Zhang, Xuewen Gong & Yong Li

  2. National Maize Research Program, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Chitwan, Nepal

    Shiva Kumar Jha

Authors
  1. Hao Liu
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  2. Yang Gao
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  3. Jingsheng Sun
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  4. Xiaolei Wu
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  5. Shiva Kumar Jha
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  6. Hao Zhang
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  7. Xuewen Gong
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  8. Yong Li
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Correspondence to Jingsheng Sun.

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Communicated by S. O. Shaughnessy.

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Liu, H., Gao, Y., Sun, J. et al. Responses of yield, water use efficiency and quality of short-season cotton to irrigation management: interactive effects of irrigation methods and deficit irrigation. Irrig Sci 35, 125–139 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-016-0526-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-016-0526-4

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