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Irrigation management practices for maximizing seed yield and water use efficiency of Othello dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in southern Alberta, Canada

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Abstract

A 2-year study was carried out from 2006 to 2007 to determine the most suitable irrigation management for maximum dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seed yield and water use efficiency (WUE) in southern Alberta, Canada. Six irrigation management treatments were evaluated in this study, including scheduling irrigation based on soil water depletion within a 0.30-m root zone, a 0.60-m root zone, and a split 0.30/0.60-m root zone (a 0.30-m root zone during vegetative growth stages and a 0.60-m root zone at flowering), and 12, 25, and 50-mm applications of irrigation water based on soil water depletion in a 0.60-m root zone. Plant available soil water was maintained above 60% in all irrigation management treatments. A significant increase in average seed yield (15% in 2006 and 46% in 2007) and in WUE (30% in 2006 and 50% in 2007) was found in more frequently irrigated treatments (0.30-m root zone, split 0.30/0.60-m root zone, and 12-mm application) compared to less frequently irrigated treatments (0.60-m root zone and 50-mm application). Dry bean seed yield and WUE may be maximized by keeping the majority of roots moist.

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Abbreviations

ET:

Evapotranspiration

WUE:

Water use efficiency

FC:

Field capacity

PWP:

Permanent wilting point

GDD:

Growing-degree days

EC:

Electrical conductivity

SAR:

Sodium adsorption ratio

CL:

Clay loam

SCL:

Sandy clay loam

SL:

Sandy loam

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development staff at Lethbridge, Brooks, and Bow Island for their assistance in conducting field trials. We would like to thank the following organizations for their support of this project: Alberta Pulse Growers, Viterra, Tony Crooyman & Sons Pedigreed Seed, Nelson Nozzles, Klempnauer Seed Ltd., Greeley Trading, Alberta Irrigation, and BASF. This research was partially funded by the Alberta Crop Industry Development Fund Ltd., Climate Change Central, and Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Irrigation and Farm Water Division, 100, 5401-1 Avenue South, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4V6, Canada

    Alan Efetha

  2. Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Irrigation and Farm Water Division, 301 Horticultural Road East, Brooks, AB, T1R 1E6, Canada

    Ted Harms

  3. Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Research Division, 301 Horticultural Road East, Brooks, AB, T1R 1E6, Canada

    Manjula Bandara

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  1. Alan Efetha
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  2. Ted Harms
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  3. Manjula Bandara
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Correspondence to Alan Efetha.

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Communicated by J. Ayars.

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Efetha, A., Harms, T. & Bandara, M. Irrigation management practices for maximizing seed yield and water use efficiency of Othello dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in southern Alberta, Canada. Irrig Sci 29, 103–113 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-010-0220-x

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