Fig. 1

Example of procedural outcomes in a patient with a proximal radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula with stenosis at the outflow vein. a Angiography of a basilic outflow vein with severe stenosis; b pre-dilation with a 7 × 60 mm high-pressure balloon; c intraoperative angiography with important residual stenosis; d after 10 × 100 mm deployment; e post-dilation with a 10 × 40 mm high-pressure balloon; f final angiography after implantation of the 10 × 100 mm endoprosthesis