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Prostatic Artery Embolization as an Alternative to Indwelling Bladder Catheterization to Manage Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Poor Surgical Candidates

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Abstract

Purpose

To prospectively assess discontinuation of indwelling bladder catheterization (IBC) and relief of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) following prostate artery embolization (PAE) in poor surgical candidates.

Methods

Patients ineligible for surgical intervention were offered PAE after at least 1 month of IBC for management of urinary retention secondary to BPH; exclusion criteria for PAE included eligibility for surgery, active bladder cancer or known prostate cancer. Embolization technical and clinical success were defined as bilateral prostate embolization and removal of IBC, respectively. Patients were followed for at least 6 months and evaluated for International Prostate Symptom Score, quality of life, prostate size and uroflowmetric parameters.

Results

A total of 43 patients were enrolled; bilateral embolization was performed in 33 (76.7%), unilateral embolization was performed in 8 (18.6%), and two patients could not be embolized due to tortuous and atherosclerotic pelvic vasculature (4.7%). Among the patients who were embolized, mean prostate size decreased from 75.6 ± 33.2 to 63.0 ± 23.2 g (sign rank p = 0.0001, mean reduction of 19.6 ± 17.3%), and IBC removal was achieved in 33 patients (80.5%). Clavien II complications were reported in nine patients (21.9%) and included urinary tract infection (three patients, 7.3%) and recurrent acute urinary retention (six patients, 14.6%). Nine patients (22.0%) experienced post-embolization syndrome.

Conclusions

PAE is a safe and feasible for the relief of LUTS and IBC in highly comorbid patients without surgical treatment options.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Interventional Radiology, Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore, 3, 20100, Milan, Italy

    Antonio Rampoldi, Fabiane Barbosa, Carmelo Migliorisi, Pietro Maria Brambillasca, Vercelli Ruggero & Marco Solcia

  2. Department of Urology, Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore, 3, 20100, Milan, Italy

    Silvia Secco, Antonio Galfano, Giovanni Prestini, Dario Di Trapani & Aldo Massimo Bocciardi

  3. The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA

    Sardis Honoria Harward

  4. Department of Interventional Radiology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-001, Brazil

    Francisco Cesar Carnevale

Authors
  1. Antonio Rampoldi
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  2. Fabiane Barbosa
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  3. Silvia Secco
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  12. Francisco Cesar Carnevale
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  13. Aldo Massimo Bocciardi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fabiane Barbosa.

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SHH and FCC are consultants for Merit Medical Systems, Inc.

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Rampoldi, A., Barbosa, F., Secco, S. et al. Prostatic Artery Embolization as an Alternative to Indwelling Bladder Catheterization to Manage Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Poor Surgical Candidates. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 40, 530–536 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-017-1582-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-017-1582-8

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