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Embolization of Renal Angiomyolipomas: Short-Term and Long-Term Outcomes, Complications, and Tumor Shrinkage

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Abstract

This study retrospectively evaluated outcomes, complications, and tumor shrinkage in renal angiomyolipomas after transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). All renal angiomyolipoma patients who underwent TAE between August 2000 and December 2008 and had short-term (≤6 months) or long-term (>6 months) follow-up images were evaluated. Complications and tumor relapse after TAE were reviewed. The sizes of embolized tumors were measured to calculate size reductions and reduction rates after TAE. Differences in tumor size, size reduction, and reduction rate between different time points (pre-TAE, short-term follow-up, and long-term follow-up) and groups (completely and incompletely embolized) were determined. Eleven renal angiomyolipoma patients who had undergone TAE were included. Seven (63.6%) patients had postembolization syndrome and one had abscess formation following TAE. Two patients had a tumor relapse (18.2%). The mean tumor size was 8.57 ± 2.66 cm on pre-TAE images. The mean size reduction was 3.1 cm (33.3%) and 3.8 cm (43.0%) at short-term and long-term follow-up. Tumor sizes differed significantly between pre-TAE and short-term (p = 0.004) or long-term images (p = 0.022) but not between short-term and long-term images (p = 0.059). Results stratified by the completeness of embolization indicate that only the short-term size reduction rate differed significantly (p = 0.025), while the long-term reduction rate and short- and long-term follow-up tumor size and size reduction were comparable between the two groups. In conclusion, selective TAE is effective for tumor shrinkage in most renal angiomyolipomas, with acceptable complication and relapse rates. Tumor shrinkage occurring within 6 months after TAE may reflect the long-term effect of TAE.

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Acknowledgment

The editorial assistance of Ted Knoy is appreciated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan

    Shen-Yang Lee, Hsiang-Hao Hsu, Yung-Chang Chen & Chih-Wei Yang

  2. Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Gueishan, 33333, Taoyuan, Taiwan

    Chen-Chih Huang, Yon-Cheong Wong & Li-Jen Wang

  3. Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan

    Cheng-Keng Chuang

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  1. Shen-Yang Lee
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  2. Hsiang-Hao Hsu
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  3. Yung-Chang Chen
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  4. Chen-Chih Huang
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Correspondence to Li-Jen Wang.

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Lee, SY., Hsu, HH., Chen, YC. et al. Embolization of Renal Angiomyolipomas: Short-Term and Long-Term Outcomes, Complications, and Tumor Shrinkage. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 32, 1171–1178 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-009-9637-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-009-9637-0

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