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Animal Models for Therapeutic Embolization

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Abstract

Embolization techniques have been performed in different animals to accumulate basic data before a clinical trial. Choosing the right embolization model for a specific project is critical. However, there are several variables when defining the best model for embolization research such as the size of the animal to be used, the target organs, the route of introducing the embolization agent, and the feasible methods of evaluation. Commonly used research animals for endovascular embolization include rabbits, dogs, and rats. Frequently used target organs are the kidney and the liver. Most models use a transcatheter for introducing the embolus and occasionally open surgery and direct arterial injection are used. Basic methods of evaluation are straightforward, and commonly include macro observation of the embolized organs, angiogram, and histology. This article concisely reviews the available animal models and their evaluation for embolization research to help researchers to choose the appropriate model.

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Acknowledgements

The fellowship of Patricia L. Moreira was jointly supported by the Brazilian Government—Fundação Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES PDDE Proc. number BEX 0121/01-0) and the Orthopaedic Research Laboratory at the Medical University of South Carolina. The research project was also supported in part by a research grant from Marine Polymer Technologies, Inc., Danvers, MA, USA. The authors thank Dr. Q. Kay Kang for her generous help on the project.

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  1. Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, CSB708, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA

    Patricia L. Moreira & Yuehuei H. An

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Moreira, P., An, Y. Animal Models for Therapeutic Embolization . CVIR 26, 100–110 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-003-2632-y

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