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Different Risk Factors for Early and Late Recurrence After Curative Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Abstract

Background

Factors of early and late recurrence after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may be different. The aim of this study was to identify clinical factors, including liver stiffness measurement (LSM), which are associated with HCC recurrence after curative resection.

Methods

Patients who underwent preoperative LSM and primary curative resection for HCC between October 2015 and May 2018 were retrospectively reviewed, with 1 year as the cut-off between early and late recurrence.

Results

Recurrence was observed in 42/149 (28.2%) patients over a median follow-up of 38.3 months (early recurrence: 10 [6.7%] patients; late recurrence: 32 [21.5%] patients). Multivariate analysis identified LSM (P = 0.026) and tumor size (P = 0.010) as the only factors that were significantly associated with recurrence-free survival. Compared with patients without recurrence, those with early recurrence had larger tumor size (P = 0.035) and those with late recurrence had higher LSM (P = 0.024). Receiver-operating characteristic analysis indicated that the optimal LSM cut-off value for predicting HCC recurrence was 7.4 kPa.

Conclusion

Tumor size was associated with early HCC recurrence after curative resection and LSM was associated with late recurrence. LSM cut-off of 7.4 kPa is recommended in predicting recurrence.

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Funding

The authors of this manuscript have no conflicts of interest to disclose. The study received no grant support. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Seoul National University Hospital (No. H-1809–001-967). The requirement for informed consent was waived because of the retrospective nature of the study.

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Author notes

  1. Suk Kyun Hong and Xue-Li Jin contributed equally to this work as co-first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea

    Suk Kyun Hong, Xue-Li Jin, Sanggyun Suh, Su young Hong, Kwangpyo Hong, Eui Soo Han, Jeong-Moo Lee, YoungRok Choi, Nam-Joon Yi, Kwang-Woong Lee & Kyung-Suk Suh

  2. Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China

    Xue-Li Jin

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  1. Suk Kyun Hong
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Correspondence to Kyung-Suk Suh.

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Hong, S.K., Jin, XL., Suh, S. et al. Different Risk Factors for Early and Late Recurrence After Curative Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. World J Surg 46, 197–206 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-021-06308-9

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