Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Incidence of Incisional Hernia After Emergency Subcostal Unilateral Laparotomy: Does Augmentation Prophylaxis Play a Role?

  • Original Scientific Report
  • Published:
World Journal of Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

A Correction to this article was published on 01 July 2020

This article has been updated

Abstract

Background

Few data are available about the frequency of incisional hernia in an emergency subcostal laparotomy. Our objective is to analyze the incidence of incisional hernia after emergency subcostal laparotomy and evaluate if prophylactic mesh could help prevent it.

Methods

This study is a monocentric retrospective analysis following STROBE guideline statements of all patients who underwent an emergency subcostal laparotomy between January 2011 and July 2017 in our University Hospital. We compared complications and incidence of incisional hernia between patients who received sutures (Group S; N = 203) and patients with prophylactic onlay mesh (Group M; N = 80). A multivariate risk factor analysis of incisional hernia was performed. An incisional hernia-estimated risk calculator equation was created.

Results

A total of 283 patients were analyzed. There were 80 patients in Group M and 203 in Group S. In short-term outcomes, length of surgery (213 ± 115 min vs 165 ± 73.3 min, P = 0.001) and hospital stay (16.4 ± 18.7 vs 11.6 days ± 13.4, P = 0.038) were longer in Group M. Long-term follow-up was conducted in 207 patients with a mean follow-up time of 39.3 ± 23 months. Incisional hernia was detected in 29 (19.1%) patients in Group S but in only two (3.8%) patients in Group M (P = 0.008). In the multivariate analysis, a risk factor analysis included wound infection (4.91 HR (2.12–11.4); P < 0.001), previous hernia repair (2.86 HR (1.24–6.61); P = 0.014), and shock (2.64 HR (1.01–6.93); P = 0.048).

Conclusions

The incidence of incisional hernia after emergency subcostal laparotomy is high. Risk factors are wound infection, shock, and previous hernia surgery. The use of prophylactic mesh augmentation was safe and reduced the incidence of incisional hernia.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

Change history

  • 01 July 2020

    In the original article some of the column headings in Tables��1���4 were mislabeled.

References

  1. D’Angelica M, Maddineni S, Fong Y, Martin RC, Cohen MS, Ben-Porat L, Gonen M, DeMatteo RP, Blumgart LH, Jarnagin WR (2006) Optimal abdominal incision for partial hepatectomy: increased late complications with Mercedes-type incisions compared to extended right subcostal incisions. World J Surg 30(3):410–418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-005-0183-x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Donataccio M, Genco B, Donataccio D (2006) Right subcostal incision in liver transplantation: prospective study of feasibility. Transpl Proc 38(4):1109–1110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.03.044

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Hernando LA, García-Ureña MÁ, López-Monclús J, Hernández SG, de Lersundi ÁR, Cidoncha AC, Montes DM, Pavón CC, González EG, García NP (2016) Prophylactic mesh can be used safely in the prevention of incisional hernia after bilateral subcostal laparotomies. Surgery 160(5):1358–1366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2016.05.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Araujo-Teixeira JP, Rocha-Reis J, Costa-Cabral A, Barros H, Saraiva AC, Araujo-Teixeira AM (1999) Laparoscopie ou laparotomie dans la cholécystite aiguë (200 cas). Comparaison des résultats et facteurs prédisposant à la conversion. Chirurgie 124(5):529–535. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0001-4001(00)88276-8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Muysoms FE, Antoniou SA, Bury K, Campanelli G, Conze J, Cuccurullo D, Berrevoet F (2015) European Hernia Society guidelines on the closure of abdominal wall incisions. Hernia 19(1):1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10029-014-1342-5

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Veyrie N, Poghosyan T, Corigliano N, Canard G, Servajean S, Bouillot J-L (2012) Lateral incisional hernia repair by the retromuscular approach with polyester standard mesh: topographic considerations and long-term follow-up of 61 consecutive patients. World J Surg 37(3):538–544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-012-1857-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Patel PP, Warren JA, Mansour R, Cobb WS, Carbonell AM (2016) A large single-center experience of open lateral abdominal wall hernia repairs. Am Surg 82(7):608–612

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Slater NJ, Montgomery A, Berrevoet F, Carbonell AM, Chang A, Franklin M, Kercher KW, Lammers BJ, Parra-Davilla E, Roll S, Towfigh S, van Goor H (2013) Criteria for definition of a complex abdominal wall hernia. Hernia 18(1):7–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10029-013-1168-6

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Hernández-Granados P, López-Cano M, Morales-Conde S, Muysoms F, García-Alamino J, Pereira-Rodríguez JA (2018) Incisional hernia prevention and use of mesh. A narrative review. Cirugía Española (Engl Ed) 96(2):76–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cireng.2018.01.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Sørensen LT, Kallehave F, Wille-Jørgensen P, Kjærgaard J, Nørgaard L, Jørgensen T (2005) Risk factors for tissue and wound complications in gastrointestinal surgery. Ann Surg 241(4):654–658. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.sla.0000157131.84130.12

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Herbert GS, Tausch TJ, Carter PL (2009) Prophylactic mesh to prevent incisional hernia: a note of caution. Am J Surg 197(5):595–598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2009.01.002

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Bevis PM, Windhaber RAJ, Lear PA, Poskitt KR, Earnshaw JJ, Mitchell DC (2010) Randomized clinical trial of mesh versus sutured wound closure after open abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery. Br J Surg 97(10):1497–1502. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.7137

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Argudo N, Iskra MP, Pera M, Sancho JJ, Grande L, López-Cano M, Pereira JA (2017) The use of an algorithm for prophylactic mesh use in high risk patients reduces the incidence of incisional hernia following laparotomy for colorectal cancer resection. Cirugía Española (Engl Ed) 95(4):222–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cireng.2017.03.016

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Argudo N, Pereira JA, Sancho JJ, Membrilla E, Pons MJ, Grande L (2014) Prophylactic synthetic mesh can be safely used to close emergency laparotomies, even in peritonitis. Surgery 156(5):1238–1244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2014.04.035

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Pereira JA, Pera M, López-Cano M, Pascual M, Alonso S, Salvans S, Jiménez-Toscano M, González-Martín A, Grande-Posa L (2019) Hernias at the extraction incision after laparoscopic colon and rectal resection: influence of incision location and use of prophylactic mesh. Cirugía Española (Engl Ed) 97(1):20–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cireng.2018.12.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, et al, for the STROBE Initiative (2007) The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Ann Intern Med 147:573–577. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010

  17. Muysoms FE, Detry O, Vierendeels T, Huyghe M, Miserez M, Ruppert M, Tollens T, Defraigne JO, Berrevoet F (2016) Prevention of incisional hernias by prophylactic mesh-augmented reinforcement of midline laparotomies for abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment. Ann Surg 263(4):638–645. https://doi.org/10.1097/sla.0000000000001369

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Chevrel JP, Rath AM (2000) Classification of incisional hernias of the abdominal wall. Hernia 4(1):7–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01230581

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Sørensen LT (2005) Smoking is a risk factor for incisional hernia. Arch Surg 140(2):119. https://doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.140.2.119

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Höer J, Lawong G, Klinge U, Schumpelick V (2002) Einflussfaktoren der Narbenhernienentstehung Retrospektive Untersuchung an 2.983 laparotomierten Patienten über einen Zeitraum von 10 Jahren. Der Chirurg 73(5):474–480. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-002-0425-5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Bucknall TE, Cox PJ, Ellis H (1982) Burst abdomen and incisional hernia: a prospective study of 1129 major laparotomies. BMJ 284(6320):931–933. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.284.6320.931

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  22. Muysoms FE, Miserez M, Berrevoet F et al (2009) Classification of primary and incisional abdominal wall hernias. Hernia 13:407. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10029-009-0518

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Kroese LF, Sneiders D, Kleinrensink GJ et al (2018) Comparing different modalities for the diagnosis of incisional hernia: a systematic review. Hernia 22:229. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10029-017-1725-5

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Chevrel JP, Rath AM (2000) Classification of incisional hernias of the abdominal wall. Hernia 4(1):7–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01230581

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Geisler DJ, Reilly JC, Vaughan SG, Glennon EJ, Kondylis PD (2003) Safety and outcome of use of nonabsorbable mesh for repair of fascial defects in the presence of open bowel. Dis Colon Rectum 46(8):1118–1123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10350-004-7290-x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Majumder A, Winder JS, Wen Y, Pauli EM, Belyansky I, Novitsky YW (2016) Comparative analysis of biologic versus synthetic mesh outcomes in contaminated hernia repairs. Surgery 160(4):828–838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2016.04.041

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Montgomery A (2013) The battle between biological and synthetic meshes in ventral hernia repair. Hernia 17(1):3–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10029-013-1043-5

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Harth KC, Krpata DM, Chawla A, Blatnik JA, Halaweish I, Rosen MJ (2012) Biologic mesh use practice patterns in abdominal wall reconstruction: a lack of consensus among surgeons. Hernia 17(1):13–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10029-012-1029-8

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Breuing K, Butler CE, Ferzoco S, Franz M, Hultman CS, Kilbridge JF, Rosen M, Silverman RP, Vargo D (2010) Incisional ventral hernias: review of the literature and recommendations regarding the grading and technique of repair. Surgery 148(3):544–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2010.01.008

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Rosen MJ, Bauer JJ, Harmaty M, Carbonell AM, Cobb WS, Matthews B, Goldblatt MI, Selzer DJ, Poulose BK, Hansson BM, Rosman C, Jacobsen G (2017) Multicenter, prospective, longitudinal study of the recurrence, surgical site infection, and quality of life after contaminated ventral hernia repair using biosynthetic absorbable mesh. Ann Surg 265(1):205–211. https://doi.org/10.1097/sla.0000000000001601

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Scott JR, Deeken CR, Martindale RG, Rosen MJ (2016) Evaluation of a fully absorbable poly-4-hydroxybutyrate/absorbable barrier composite mesh in a porcine model of ventral hernia repair. Surg Endosc 30(9):3691–3701. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-016-5057-9

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  32. Söderbäck H, Mahteme H, Hellman P, Sandblom G (2016) Prophylactic resorbable synthetic mesh to prevent wound dehiscence and incisional hernia in high high-risk laparotomy: a pilot study of using TIGR matrix mesh. Front Surg 3:28. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2016.00028

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  33. Van Rooijen MM, Jairam AP, Tollens T, Jørgensen LN, de Vries Reilingh TS, Piessen G, Köckerling F, Miserez M, Windsor AC, Berrevoet F, Fortelny RH, Jeekel J (2018) A post-market, prospective, multi-center, single-arm clinical investigation of Phasix™ mesh for VHWG grade 3 midline incisional hernia repair: a research protocol. BMC Surg 18(1):104. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12893-018-0439-7

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  34. Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien P-A (2004) Classification of surgical complications. Ann Surg 240(2):205–213. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.sla.0000133083.54934.ae

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Parc de Salut Mar, Hospital del Mar, Passeig Marítim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain

    A. Bravo-Salva, A. M. González-Castillo, F. F. Vela-Polanco, E. Membrilla-Fernández, M. Pera-Román, J. J. Sancho-Insenser & J. A. Pereira-Rodríguez

  2. Departament de Ciències, Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain

    A. Bravo-Salva & J. A. Pereira-Rodríguez

  3. Departament de Cirurgia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain

    E. Membrilla-Fernández, M. Pera-Román & J. J. Sancho-Insenser

  4. IMIM-Institut de Recerca Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain

    J. Vila-Domenech

  5. CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain

    J. Vila-Domenech

Authors
  1. A. Bravo-Salva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. M. González-Castillo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. F. F. Vela-Polanco
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. E. Membrilla-Fernández
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. J. Vila-Domenech
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. M. Pera-Román
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. J. J. Sancho-Insenser
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. J. A. Pereira-Rodríguez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Bravo-Salva.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bravo-Salva, A., González-Castillo, A.M., Vela-Polanco, F.F. et al. Incidence of Incisional Hernia After Emergency Subcostal Unilateral Laparotomy: Does Augmentation Prophylaxis Play a Role?. World J Surg 44, 741–748 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-019-05282-7

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-019-05282-7

Search

Navigation