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Proanthocyanidin Protects Intestine and Remote Organs Against Mesenteric Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

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Abstract

Background

Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) induces a systemic inflammatory response and releases harmful substances that may affect the function and integrity of distant organs such as lung, liver, and kidney. We conducted this study to find out if proanthocyanidins (PA) has protective effects against mesenteric IR injury and mesenteric IR-induced intestinal and distant organ injury.

Materials and methods

Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control, control + PA, IR, IR + PA. The IR and IR + PA groups were subjected to mesenteric arterial ischemia for 60 min and reperfusion for 6 h. The Control + PA and IR + PA groups were administered PA (100 mg/kg/day via oral gavage) for 7 days prior to injury insult. We collected ileal and distant organ tissues, such as pulmonary, hepatic, and kidney specimens to measure tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and nitrite plus nitrate (NOx), and we then evaluated histological changes.

Results

In the IR group, significant increases in MDA and NOx levels and significant increases in SOD and GPx activities of intestine, liver, kidney, and lung were observed. The MDA and NOx levels were significantly lower, as were the SOD and GPx activities in the IR + PA group than that in the IR group. Although the intestine and distant organs damage scores were significantly higher in the IR group, these injuries were prevented by PA in the IR + PA group.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that PA has a significant effect in the protection of the intestine and the remote organs against mesenteric IR injury.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, 06018, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey

    Ali Sizlan, Omer Yanarates, Abdulkadir Atim & Ahmet Cosar

  2. Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, 06018, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey

    Ahmet Guven

  3. Department of Physiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, 06018, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey

    Bulent Uysal & Ahmet Korkmaz

  4. Department of Medical Histology and Embryology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, 06018, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey

    Emin Oztas

Authors
  1. Ali Sizlan
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  2. Ahmet Guven
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  3. Bulent Uysal
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Correspondence to Ahmet Guven.

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Sizlan, A., Guven, A., Uysal, B. et al. Proanthocyanidin Protects Intestine and Remote Organs Against Mesenteric Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. World J Surg 33, 1384–1391 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-009-0011-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-009-0011-9

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