Abstract
The Indian agriculture is highly vulnerable to climate change which adversely affects crop production and livelihood of farmers. The effect is more intensified in Vindhyan highlands, where prolong drought and high rate of poverty exist in depredation environment. In this context, present study conducted to explore farmers’ perception, attitude about climate change and adaptive capabilities. We undertook an interview schedules survey through structured questionnaire in Duddhi block of Sonbhadra district. A total of 400 households were selected in which 347 (86.75%) male and 53 (13.25%) female respondents have participated. The perception of farmers on climate change is presented in SI (severity index) which varies from 36% to 68.63%. The statement ‘rainy season decreases’ ranked first with SI (68.63%) followed by ‘temperature increases’ SI (66.06%). This investigation identified 17 types of adaptive practices which are frequently performed in the Vindhyan highlands. Based on the WAI (Weighted Average Index) score, crop diversification (2.0), cultivation of drought-adapted crop varieties (1.99), changing plantation calendar (1.95) were the most adopted practices. Multiple regression analysis between the socio-economic status of farmers and the adaptation practices, recorded a significant positive relationship with age (P < 0.01), family size (P < 0.05), education (P < 0.01), caste categories (P < 0.05) and livestock ownership (P < 0.01) of farmer. This study will be helpful in developing drought resilience farming practices for sustaining the livelihood of farmers and inform policy making.
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Data Availability
The data of this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge Dean and Director of Institute of Environment & Sustainable Development, BHU, Varanasi for providing all the necessary facilities. We are also grateful to the Divisional Forest Officer, Renukoot, Uttar Pradesh, India for allowing to work in the vicinity of forests. SKP would like to acknowledge University Grants Commission, New Delhi for financial support in the form of fellowship
Author Contributions
SKP and AS wrote the main text and AKT prepared location map. AB and SK assisted data analysis figure 1–4. SK and AKT helped in field in the work while RS edited the english language manuscript. GS supervised the study and approved the final version of manuscript. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.
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Patel, S.K., Sharma, A., Barla, A. et al. Socio-ecological Challenges and Adaptation Strategies of Farmers Towards Changing Climate in Vindhyan highlands, India. Environmental Management (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-023-01880-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-023-01880-3