Abstract
The negative effects of roads on wildlife populations are a growing concern. Movement corridors and road-kill data are typically used to prioritize road segments for mitigation measures. Some research suggests that locations where animals move across roads following corridors coincide with locations where they are often killed by vehicles. Other research indicates that corridors and road-kill rarely occur in the same locations. We compared movement corridor and road mortality models as means of prioritizing road segments for mitigation for five species of felids in Brazil: tiger cats (Leopardus tigrinus and Leopardus guttulus were analyzed together), ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), and puma (Puma concolor). We used occurrence data for each species and applied circuit theory to identify potential movement corridors crossed by roads. We used road-kill records for each species and applied maximum entropy to determine where mortality was most likely to occur on roads. Our findings suggest that movement corridors and high road mortality are not spatially associated. We suggest that differences in the behavioral state of the individuals in the species occurrence and road-kill data may explain these results. We recommend that the road segments for which the results from the two methods agree (~5300 km for all studied species combined at 95th percentile) should be high-priority candidates for mitigation together with road segments identified by at least one method in areas where felids occur in low population densities or are threatened by isolation effects.
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Acknowledgements
This study was part of the project “Road Macroecology: analysis tools to assess impacts on biodiversity and landscape structure” funded by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tencnológico (CNPq)—No. 401171/2014-0, AJT No. 300021/2015-1. It was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 1666074; in part by CNPq (300021/2015-1 and dcr-0006-2.04/17) and Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco (FACEPE, APQ 0313-2.04/16). Thanks to FCT/MCTES for the financial support to CESAM (UIDP/50017/2020 + UIDB/50017/2020), through national funds. We warmly thank collaborating researches for felids occurrence data in Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Mamíferos Carnívoros/Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (CENAP/ICMBio) database, especially R.G. Morato who organized the data and made it available. We also thank collaborating researches for help in improving modeling approaches during preliminary analysis (L. Bonjorne, C. Espinosa, R.V. Marques, R.G. Morato, S.S.M. Onuma, F. Palmeira, M. Passamani, B.H. Sanharoli, F. Tirelli).
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RCC: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, visualization; PL: methodology, formal analysis, writing—review and editing; LGS: methodology, writing—review and editing; AB: writing—review and editing; APC: writing—review and editing, visualization; JAGJ: conceptualization, methodology, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, visualization; CG: conceptualization, methodology, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, visualization.
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Cerqueira, R.C., Leonard, P.B., da Silva, L.G. et al. Potential Movement Corridors and High Road-Kill Likelihood do not Spatially Coincide for Felids in Brazil: Implications for Road Mitigation. Environmental Management 67, 412–423 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-020-01411-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-020-01411-4