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Heavy Metal Concentrations in Trachurus Mediterraneus and Merlangius Merlangus Captured from Marmara Sea, Turkey and Associated Health Risks

Environmental Management volume 67, pages 522–531 (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

Rapid industrialization and excessive human population growth may cause deterioration in marine water quality and biodiversity. Heavy metals are one of the most common pollutants in the seas and marine organisms, including demersal and pelagic fish, can accumulate them from the environment. Assessment of the ecological risk of heavy metals from fish has an important role in public health. In this study, some heavy metal (Pb, Cd, As, Cr, Hg, Cu, Zn, and Fe) concentrations were determined in the muscle tissues of two commonly consumed fish species, Trachurus mediterraneus (Mediterranean horse mackerel) and Merlangius merlangus (Whiting), which are the fifth (14,222 tons/year) and sixth (6814 tons/year) highest commercial catches of marine fish species in Turkey, respectively. Heavy metal concentrations of samples collected from four sites (Adalar, İzmit Bay, Yalova, and Tekirdağ) in the Marmara Sea were determined using ICP-MS. Fish samples caught at Yalova station were found to have the highest heavy metal concentrations. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in terms of the mean values, only As, and Cr were higher than permissible limits in T. mediterraneus, while Pb, Cd, As, and Cr were higher in M. merlangus. Arsenic concentrations were higher than maximum limits in both T. mediterraneus and M. merlangus. The estimated weekly intake (EWI) was calculated to assess the potential health impact. The EWI for arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury for some sites was above the provisional tolerable weekly intake.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by TUBİTAK with the project number 116S520. We would like to thank Zeynep DORAK for providing assistance in statistical analysis.

Funding

This study was supported by TUBİTAK with the project number 116S520.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Marine and Freshwater Resources Management, Faculty of Aquatic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34130, Turkey

    Latife Köker, Fatih Aydın, Özcan Gaygusuz, Reyhan Akçaalan & Meriç Albay

  2. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Gülhane Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey

    Derya Çamur

  3. Provincial Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Ankara, Turkey

    Hüseyin İlter

  4. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey

    Ferruh Niyazi Ayoğlu

  5. Department of Environmental Engineering, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, 67100, Turkey

    Ahmet Altın

  6. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey

    Murat Topbaş

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Correspondence to Latife Köker.

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Köker, L., Aydın, F., Gaygusuz, Ö. et al. Heavy Metal Concentrations in Trachurus Mediterraneus and Merlangius Merlangus Captured from Marmara Sea, Turkey and Associated Health Risks. Environmental Management 67, 522–531 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-020-01352-y

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Keywords

  • Bioaccumulation
  • Heavy metals
  • Tissue concentration
  • Health risk
  • Trachurus mediterraneus
  • Merlangius merlangus