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Climate Change Adaptation: Putting Principles into Practice

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An Erratum to this article was published on 21 January 2014

Abstract

Carrying out wildlife conservation in a changing climate requires planning on long timescales at both a site and network level, while also having the flexibility to adapt actions at sites over short timescales in response to changing conditions and new information. The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB), a land-owning wildlife conservation charity in the UK, achieves this on its nature reserves through its system of management planning. This involves setting network-wide objectives which inform the 25-year vision and 5-year conservation objectives for each site. Progress toward achieving each site’s conservation objectives is reviewed annually, to identify any adjustments which might be needed to the site’s management. The conservation objectives and 25-year vision of each site are reviewed every 5 years. Significant long-term impacts of climate change most frequently identified at RSPB reserves are: loss of intertidal habitat through coastal squeeze, loss of low-lying islands due to higher sea levels and coastal erosion, loss of coastal freshwater and brackish wetlands due to increased coastal flooding, and changes in the hydrology of wetlands. The main types of adaptation measures in place on RSPB reserves to address climate change-related impacts are: re-creation of intertidal habitat, re-creation and restoration of freshwater wetlands away from vulnerable coastal areas, blocking artificial drainage on peatlands, and addressing pressures on freshwater supply for lowland wet grasslands in eastern and southeastern England. Developing partnerships between organizations has been crucial in delivering large-scale adaptation projects.

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Acknowledgments

I would like to thank the following people who provided information for, or commented on, an earlier draft of this paper: Richard Bradbury, Neil Cowie, Jim Densham, Gillian Gilbert, Graham Hirons, Daniella Klein, Dave O’Hara, Katherine Puttick, Dave Rogers, Norrie Russell, Pat Thompson, Chris Tyas, Mike Walker, Gwyn Williams, Simon Wotton and Olly Watts. Many people have been involved in the design and development of Wallasea Island Wild Coast, in particular Mark Dixon, Stephen Hare, Dave Hedges, Graham Hirons, Hilary Hunter, Jeff Kew, Phil McLoughlin, Susanne Armstrong, Colin Scott, John Sharpe and Chris Tyas. I would also like to thank four anonymous referees for their helpful comments. We are grateful for funding for projects through the EU LIFE-Nature Program, and for funding of restoration and ongoing of management of sites through agri-environment schemes payments from the Rural Development Program.

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    Malcolm Ausden

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Ausden, M. Climate Change Adaptation: Putting Principles into Practice. Environmental Management 54, 685–698 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-013-0217-3

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