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Histological Comparison of Nanofat and Lipoconcentrate: Enhanced Effects of Lipoconcentrate on Adipogenesis and Angiogenesis

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  • Basic Science/Experimental
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Abstract

Background

Nanofat and lipoconcentrate contain adipose-derived stem cells and growth factors, and have wide clinical applications in the regenerative field. This study aimed to investigate the microenvironmental changes associated with nanofat and lipoconcentrate.

Methods

Conventional fat, nanofat, or lipoconcentrate (0.2 mL each, n = 5 per group) were injected subcutaneously into the dorsal flanks of athymic nude mice. The graft weights were measured at postoperative week 4; the grafts and their overlying skin were used for histological analyses.

Results

Weights of the lipoconcentrate grafts were significantly greater than those of the conventional fat (p < 0.05) and nanofat (p < 0.01) grafts. There was no significant difference in inflammation, oil cysts, and fibrosis between the conventional fat and nanofat groups. Histological examination of the lipoconcentrate grafts showed less macrophage infiltration and the formation of fibrosis and oil cysts. Additionally, adipogenesis and angiogenesis were induced more in the lipoconcentrate grafts than in the nanofat grafts (p < 0.01). Lipoconcentrate and nanofat improved dermal thickness (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively, versus the baseline).

Conclusion

Lipoconcentrate grafts had greater volume and shape retention than conventional fat and nanofat grafts. They had better histological structure and acted as scaffolds for adipogenesis and angiogenesis. Both products showed regenerative effects on dermal thickness; however, only lipoconcentrate grafts had the required volume and regenerative effects, allowing it to serve as a novel adipose-free grafting method for facial rejuvenation and contouring.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF- 2022R1C1C1010912 to Ki Yong Hong), and by grant No. 0320230320 from the SNUH Research Fund.

Funding

The authors have no financial or institutional interest in any of the drugs, materials, or devices described in this article.

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Author notes

  1. Vinh Vuong The Tran and Ki Yong Hong have contributed equally to this study.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

    Vinh Vuong The Tran & Xian Jin

  2. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea

    Ki Yong Hong & Hak Chang

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  1. Vinh Vuong The Tran
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Correspondence to Hak Chang.

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266_2023_3583_MOESM1_ESM.tiff

Images of whole graft sections in the conventional fat, nanofat, and lipoconcentrate groups at postoperative week 4. The conventional fat (left) and nanofat (center) grafts showed large necrotic areas (red dotted line [*]) and numerous large oil cysts (black dotted line [#]). In contrast, lipoconcentrate grafts had fewer oil cysts, inflammation filtration, and fibrosis among the three groups; scale bar, 2 mm. (TIFF 276 kb)

266_2023_3583_MOESM2_ESM.tiff

Immunofluorescence staining of perilipin (green) for pre-adipocytes (yellow arrows), which were small adipocytes with multiple intracellular lipid droplets, in the nanofat, and lipoconcentrate groups at postoperative week 4; scale bar, 100 μm. (TIFF 71 kb)

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Tran, V.V.T., Hong, K.Y., Jin, X. et al. Histological Comparison of Nanofat and Lipoconcentrate: Enhanced Effects of Lipoconcentrate on Adipogenesis and Angiogenesis. Aesth Plast Surg 48, 752–763 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-023-03583-w

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