Abstract
Background
The SAFE liposuction technique is a worldwide extended method used to achieve great and reproducible results after the surgical aspiration of fat. We propose an evolution of the technique to address one of the major limitations of liposuction, loose skin. The SAFEST liposuction technique combines PAL and RFAL to achieve skin tightening and fat reduction with minimal added morbidity.
Methods
Patients treated with the SAFEST liposuction technique between December 2019 and February 2022 were included in the study. Demographic and surgical data were collected retrospectively. Photographs and satisfaction interviews were conducted preoperatively and 12 months postoperatively in every case.
Results
Sixty-five patients (58 female and 7 male) were included in the cohort, and a total of 169 anatomical areas were treated with the SAFEST liposuction technique (abdomen, arms, back, flanks and thighs). Globally, satisfaction at 12 months follow-up was of 94.1% and complications only presented in 4.7% of the treated areas. 6 of the 38 treated abdomens (18.4%) presented a complication (4 seromas and 2 access point infections) and 2 of the 38 treated flanks (5.3%) presented one (2 seromas). The rest of the treated anatomical areas (arms, back and thighs) showed no complications and high satisfaction rates.
Conclusions
The SAFEST liposuction technique achieves outstanding and satisfying results with minimal complications by safely combining the advantages of two different technologies, PAL and RFAL. The main advantages of the presented technique are the skin tightening, the body ligament contraction, the coagulation and the reduction of the operative time.
Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Berry MG, Davies D (2011) Liposuction: a review of principles and techniques. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 64(8):985–992
Wall SH, Lee MR (2016) Separation, aspiration, and fat equalization: SAFE liposuction concepts for comprehensive body contouring. Plast Reconstr Surg 138(6):1192–1201
Ahmad J, Eaves FF, Rohrich RJ, Kenkel JM (2011) The American society for aesthetic plastic surgery (ASAPS) survey: current trends in liposuction. Aesthet Surg J 31(2):214–224
Saad AN, Pablo Arbelaez J, De Benito J (2020) High definition liposculpture in male patients using reciprocating power-assisted liposuction technology: techniques and results in a prospective study. Aesthet Surg J 40(3):299–307
Hurwitz D, Smith D (2012) Treatment of overweight patients by radiofrequency-assisted liposuction (RFAL) for aesthetic reshaping and skin tightening. Aesthetic Plast Surg 36(1):62–71
Lesko RP, Cheah MA, Sarmiento S, Cooney CM, Cooney DS (2020) Postoperative complications of panniculectomy and abdominoplasty: a retrospective review. Ann Plast Surg 85(3):285–289
Sirota M, Weiss A, Billig A, Hassidim A, Zaga J, Adler N (2021) Abdominoplasty complications–what additional risks do postbariatric patients carry? J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 74(12):3415–3420
Levesque AY, Daniels MA, Polynice A (2013) Outpatient lipoabdominoplasty: review of the literature and practical considerations for safe practice. Aesthet Surg J 33(7):1021–1029
Fodor P (2001) Power-assisted lipoplasty. Aesthet Surg J 21(1):90–92
Fodor PB, Vogt PA (1999) Power-assisted lipoplasty (PAL): a clinical pilot study comparing PAL to traditional lipoplasty (TL). Aesthetic Plast Surg 23(6):379–385
Theodorou SJ, Paresi RJ, Chia CT (2012) Radiofrequency-assisted liposuction device for body contouring: 97 patients under local anesthesia. Aesthetic Plast Surg 36(4):767–779
Dayan E, Chia C, Burns AJ, Theodorou S (2019) Adjustable depth fractional radiofrequency combined with bipolar radiofrequency: a minimally invasive combination treatment for skin laxity. Aesthet Surg J. 39:S112–S119
Hantash BM, Ubeid AA, Chang H, Kafi R, Renton B (2009) Bipolar fractional radiofrequency treatment induces neoelastogenesis and neocollagenesis. Lasers Surg Med 41(1):1–9
Kaplan H, Kaplan L (2016) Combination of microneedle radiofrequency (RF), fractional RF skin resurfacing and multi-source non-ablative skin tightening for minimal-downtime, full-face skin rejuvenation. J Cosmet Laser Ther 18(8):438–441
Alster TS, Graham PM (2018) Microneedling: a review and practical guide. Dermatol Surg 44(3):397–404
Masson IFB, de Oliveira BDA, Machado AFP, Farcic TS, Júnior IE, Baldan CS (2014) Manual lymphatic drainage and therapeutic ultrasound in liposuction and lipoabdominoplasty post-operative period. Indian J Plast Surg. 47(01):70–76
Hörmann J, Vach W, Jakob M, Seghers S, Saxer F (2020) Kinesiotaping for postoperative oedema–what is the evidence? A systematic review. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 12(1):14
Kim YH, Cha SM, Naidu S, Hwang WJ (2011) Analysis of postoperative complications for superficial liposuction: a review of 2398 cases. Plast Reconstr Surg. 127(2):863–71
Wu S, Coombs DM, Gurunian R (2020) Liposuction: concepts, safety, and techniques in body-contouring surgery. Cleve Clin J Med 87(6):367–375
Scuderi N, Paolini G, Grippaudo FR, Tenna S (2000) Comparative evaluation of traditional, ultrasonic, and pneumatic assisted lipoplasty: analysis of local and systemic effects, efficacy, and costs of these methods. Aesthetic Plast Surg 24(6):395–400
Abboud MH, Abboud NM, Dibo SA (2016) Brachioplasty by power-assisted liposuction and fat transfer: a novel approach that obviates skin excision. Aesthet Surg J 36(8):908–917
Blugerman G, Schavelzon D, Paul MD (2010) A safety and feasibility study of a novel radiofrequency-assisted liposuction technique. Plast Reconstr Surg. 125(3):998–1006
Theodorou SJ, Del Vecchio D, Chia CT (2018) Soft tissue contraction in body contouring with radiofrequency-assisted liposuction: a treatment gap solution. Aesthet Surg J. 38:S74-83
Chia CT, Neinstein RM, Theodorou SJ (2017) Evidence-based medicine: liposuction. Plast Reconstr Surg 139(1):267e-e274
Del Vecchio D, Wall S (2018) Expansion vibration lipofilling: a new technique in large-volume fat transplantation. Plast Reconstr Surg 141(5):639e-e649
Miniaci A, Codsi MJ (2006) Thermal capsulorrhaphy for the treatment of shoulder instability. Am J Sports Med 34(8):1356–1363
Miniaci A, Mcbirnie J (2003) Thermal capsular shrinkage for treatment of multidirectional instability of the shoulder. J Bone Jt Surg Am 85(12):2283–7
Carter TR, Bailie DS, Edinger S (2002) Radiofrequency electrothermal shrinkage of the anterior cruciate ligament. Am J Sports Med 30(2):221–226
Olivas-Menayo J (2022) The MICRO-Lift: a ligaments-based anatomic technique for lower face and neck rejuvenation using bipolar radiofrequency. Aesthetic Plast Surg 46(3):1211–1220
Blum CA, Sasser CGS, Kaplan JL (2013) Complications from laser-assisted liposuction performed by noncore practitioners. Aesthetic Plast Surg 37(5):869–875
Stephan PJ, Kenkel JM (2010) Updates and advances in liposuction. Aesthet Surg J 30(1):83–97
Collins PS, Moyer KE (2018) Evidence-based practice in liposuction. Ann Plast Surg 80(6S):S403–S405
Ibrahiem SMS (2022) Aesthetic nonexcisional Arm contouring. Aesthet Surg J. 42(7):63–73
Dayan E, Theodorou S (2022) Not all radiofrequency devices are created equal: a thermal assessment. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 10(2):e4077
Irvine DD (2013) Nonexcisional tissue tightening: creating skin surface area reduction during abdominal liposuction by adding radiofrequency heating. Aesthet Surg J 33(8):1154–1166
Prado A, Andrades P, Danilla S, Leniz P, Castillo P, Gaete F (2006) A prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial comparing laser-assisted lipoplasty with suction-assisted lipoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 118(4):1032–1045
Nagy MW, Vanek PF (2012) A multicenter, prospective, randomized, single-blind, controlled clinical trial comparing VASER-assisted Lipoplasty and suction-assisted Lipoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 129(4):681e-e689
FDA (2022) Use of Renuvion/J-plasma device for certain aesthetic procedures: FDA safety communication [Internet, cited 2022 Sep 8]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/safety-communications/update-use-renuvionj-plasma-device-certain-aesthetic-procedures-fda-safety-communication
Chia CT, Marte JA, Ulvila DD, Theodorou SJ (2020) Second generation radiofrequency body contouring device: safety and efficacy in 300 local anesthesia liposuction cases. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 8(9):e3113
Allam NM, Elshorbagy RT, Eid MM, Abdelbasset WK, Elkholi SM, Eladl HM (2021) Comparison of extracorporeal shock wave therapy versus manual lymphatic drainage on cellulite after liposuction: a randomized clinical trial. Evid Based Complem Alternat Med. 10:1–7
Acknowledgement
Thanks to Dr. Ramón Calderón, Dr. Carlos Gullón and Ana Arango for their trust and support from the beginning of my career until today. Thanks to Dr. Jordi Mir and Dr. Miguel Fernández-Calderón for sharing their knowledge in body contouring procedures with me.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
Dr. Jesus Olivas-Menayo is a consultant for Inmode Iberia. No payments or support were received for the publication of this study. Dr. Luis Chang-Azancot has nothing to disclose.
Ethical Approval
All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.”
Informed Consent
All participants gave their informed consent in writing prior to inclusion in the study
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Olivas-Menayo, J., Chang-Azancot, L. From the SAFE to the SAFEST Liposuction: Combining PAL and RFAL Technology in Body Contouring Procedures. Aesth Plast Surg 47, 2486–2494 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-023-03291-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-023-03291-5