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Frontalis Muscle Flap Advancement for Correction of Severe Ptosis Under General Anesthesia: Modified Surgical Design with 162 Cases in China

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An Erratum to this article was published on 02 May 2014

Abstract

Background

Congenital blepharoptosis is a common pediatric disease. Frontalis muscle flap advancement is an effective surgical technique to treat patients with severe ptosis and poor levator function. However, since eye position changes under general anesthesia, it is necessary to adjust the position of the upper eyelid to achieve a better surgical outcome.

Methods

A total of 162 children with severe congenital blepharoptosis underwent frontalis muscle flap advancement under general anesthesia. Patients were divided into two groups according to the different positions of eyelid suspension. The eyelid position of 82 children (96 eyes) in group A was adjusted to set at the superior limbus under general anesthesia, while the eyelid level of 80 children (94 eyes) in group B was adjusted according to the level labeled before anesthesia or the orthophoria level predicted using Krimsky’s test. Lid level, ptosis recurrence, cosmetic appearance, and complications were evaluated 12 months after surgery.

Results

Excellent functional and cosmetic results were achieved in 61 (63.5 %) children from group A and 85 (90.4 %) from group B. Fewer complications were observed in group B (36.5 vs. 9.6 %).

Conclusion

To achieve better surgical results after frontalis flap advancement for severe ptosis, it is necessary to adjust the eyelid level according to eye position changes that occur when the patient is under general anesthesia.

Level of Evidence III

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

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Acknowledgments

Yongan Duan, Rui Jin, and Mingshu Zhong are funded by the National Natural Science Foundation (NSFC 81272129) and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai (STCSM 11ZR1420500).

Conflict of interest

None of the authors has a financial interest in any of the products, devices, or drugs mentioned in this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China

    Rui Jin, Qingfeng Li & Dong Huang

  2. The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jining, China

    Mingshu Zhong & Yongan Duan

  3. Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

    L. Li

Authors
  1. Mingshu Zhong
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  2. Rui Jin
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  3. Qingfeng Li
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  4. Yongan Duan
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  5. L. Li
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  6. Dong Huang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dong Huang.

Additional information

Mingshu Zhong and Rui Jin have contributed equally to this work.

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Zhong, M., Jin, R., Li, Q. et al. Frontalis Muscle Flap Advancement for Correction of Severe Ptosis Under General Anesthesia: Modified Surgical Design with 162 Cases in China. Aesth Plast Surg 38, 503–509 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-014-0297-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-014-0297-3

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