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Massive osteolysis induced by high molecular weight polyethylene wear debris

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Summary. We investigated the mechanism by which particulate wear debris of polyethylene may induce bone resorption using an in vivo model. Two uncemented total hip prostheses, in which the socket was directly in contact with acetabular bone, were selected because there was massive bone loss around the implant. A thick synovium-like layer was found at the polyethylene-bone interface during revision operations. Samples were examined by transmitted and polarised light microscopy, and by transmission electron microscopy. This study demonstrates that polyethylene wear products alone can cause massive osteolysis by triggering the formation of foreign body granuloma at the bone-implant interface.

Résumé. Nous avons étudié le méchanisme par lequel les débris de polyethylène peuvent produire la résorption de l’os, en utilisant un model particulier in vivo. Deux patients traités par protheses de hanche sans ciment, avec cotyle en polyethylène en contact direct avec l’os, ont été choisis a cause de la présence d’une large érosion au niveau du cotyle. Une membrane pseudo-synoviale, présente entre l’os et le polyethylène, a été observée pendant la reprise; des échantillons de ce tissu ont étéétudiés par microscopie polarisée et par microscopie éléctronique à transmission. Les résultats de cet étude démontrent que les débris du polyethylène peuvent eux-même produir une large érosion par formation d’une membrane d’interface.

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Accepted: 17 June 1996

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Nizegorodcew, T., Gasparini, G., Maccauro, G. et al. Massive osteolysis induced by high molecular weight polyethylene wear debris. International Orthopaedics SICOT 21, 14–18 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s002640050110

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002640050110

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