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Allografts supercharged with bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells possess equivalent osteogenic capacity to that of autograft: a study with long-term follow-ups of human biopsies

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Abstract

Purpose

Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have been proposed to enhance bone formation in allografts. However, it is not known whether a combination of MSCs, contained in bone marrow concentrate (BMC) and structural allograft could be better than an allograft without MSCs and equivalent to a femoral head autograft in terms of histologic bone formation and long-term cellularity in the graft. After ten years of follow-up, three types of grafts: those initially loaded with BM-MSCs; dead, irradiated allografts; autografts.

Materials and methods

Twenty patients received acetabular grafting during hip surgery and subsequently underwent femoral hip revision eight to 13 years later (average 10 years). Revision surgery was for reasons other than graft failure. These 20 patients had received eight allografts initially loaded with BM-MSCs: six dead irradiated allografts and six autografts. The number of MSCs present in the three types of graft were evaluated at the time of initial surgery and at revision. New bone formation associated in the acetabular graft was assessed by histology and calculated as a percentage of total available bony area.

Results

At the most recent follow-ups (average 10 years), concentration of MSCs in allografts previously loaded with BM-MSCs was higher than that found in autografts. There were low or no MSCs found in uncharged allografts. New-bone-formation analysis showed that allografts loaded with BM-MSCs produced more new bone (35 %; range 20–50 %) compared with either uncharged allografts (9 %; range 2–15 %) or autografts (24 %; range 12–32 %).

Conclusions

Our observations with allografts charged with BM-MSCs provides evidence in support of a long-term benefit of supercharging bone allografts with autologous BM-MSCs

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ted Sand and Richard Suzuki and the other members of Celling Biosciences for the review of the final manuscript and their help in translation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Orthopaedic Surgery; Hôpital Henri Mondor, University Paris East (UPEC), 94010, Creteil, France

    Philippe Hernigou, Arnaud Dubory & Charles Henri Flouzat-Lachaniette

  2. Hôpital Henri Mondor, University Paris East (UPEC), 94010, Creteil, France

    François Roubineau

  3. Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan

    Yasuhiro Homma

  4. EFS Cell Therapy Facility University Paris East (UPEC), Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94010, Creteil, France

    Nathalie Chevallier & Helene Rouard

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  1. Philippe Hernigou
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  2. Arnaud Dubory
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Correspondence to Philippe Hernigou.

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Hernigou, P., Dubory, A., Roubineau, F. et al. Allografts supercharged with bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells possess equivalent osteogenic capacity to that of autograft: a study with long-term follow-ups of human biopsies. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 41, 127–132 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-016-3263-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-016-3263-7

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