Percutaneous injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for ankle non-unions decreases complications in patients with diabetes

International Orthopaedics volume 39, pages1639–1643(2015)Cite this article

Abstract

Purpose

Clinical studies in diabetic patients have demonstrated that there is a high incidence of complications in distal tibia and ankle fracture treatments. One strategy to mitigate issues with wound healing and infection in diabetic patients is to use a percutaneous technique in which autologous, bone marrow-derived, concentrated cells are injected at the site of non-unions.

Methods

Eighty-six ankle non-union in diabetic patients were treated with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) delivered in an autologous bone marrow concentrate (BMC). Clinical outcomes of the 86 diabetic non-union patients treated with BMC were compared with 86 diabetic matched non-unions treated with a standard bone iliac crest autograft.

Results

Treatment with BMC promoted non-union healing in 70 among 86 diabetic patients (82.1 %) with a low number of complications. Of the 86 diabetic patients treated with iliac bone graft, 53 (62.3 %) had healing; major complications were observed: 5 amputations, 11 osteonecroses of the fracture wound edge and 17 infections.

Conclusions

In diabetic patients with ankle non-unions, treatment with BM-MSCs from bone marrow concentrate may be preferable in view of the high risks of major complications after open surgery and iliac bone grafting, and improved healing rates compared with standard iliac bone autograft treatment.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ted Sand and Richard Suzuki and the other members of Celling Biosciences for the review of the final manuscript, and their help in translation.

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henri-Mondor Hospital, University of Paris, Créteil Cedex, France

    Philippe Hernigou, Isaac Guissou, Alexandre Poignard, Nathalie Chevallier, Helene Rouard & Charles Henri Flouzat Lachaniette

  2. Orthopaedic Department, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan

    Yasuhiro Homma

Authors
  1. Philippe Hernigou
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  2. Isaac Guissou
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  3. Yasuhiro Homma
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  4. Alexandre Poignard
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  6. Helene Rouard
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  7. Charles Henri Flouzat Lachaniette
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Correspondence to Philippe Hernigou.

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Hernigou, P., Guissou, I., Homma, Y. et al. Percutaneous injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for ankle non-unions decreases complications in patients with diabetes. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 39, 1639–1643 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-015-2738-2

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Keywords

  • Ankle fracture
  • Non-union
  • Diabetes
  • Mesenchymal stem cells
  • Bone graft
  • Bone marrow aspiration in diabetic patients