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Retrospective comparison of three thromboprophylaxis agents, edoxaban, fondaparinux, and enoxaparin, for preventing venous thromboembolism in total knee arthroplasty

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Abstract

Purpose

Patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are at high risk of venous thromboembolism, manifesting as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of edoxaban 15 mg once daily (o.d.) for preventing DVT in patients undergoing TKA.

Methods

Three hundred patients undergoing primary TKA under general anaesthesia for osteoarthritis were enrolled in this study: 100 treated with enoxaparin 2,000 IU twice daily (b.i.d.), 100 treated with fondaparinux 1.5 mg o.d. and 100 treated with edoxaban 15 mg o.d.. All treatments were scheduled to continue for 14 days.

Results

The incidence of DVT in patients treated with edoxaban 15 mg o.d. was lower than in patients with enoxaparin 2,000 IU b.i.d. and fondaparinux 1.5 mg o.d.. D-dimer levels were significantly lower in patients with edoxaban than in patients with enoxaparin and fondaparinux 1.5 mg o.d. on the first postoperative day; ΔHb levels were lower in patients with edoxaban than in patients with enoxaparin and fondaparinux on postoperative days, However, the difference was not statistically significant. Finally, the incidence of hepatic dysfunction was lower in patients with edoxaban than in patients with enoxaparin and fondaparinux.

Conclusions

Edoxaban 15 mg o.d. was more efficient than enoxaparin 2,000 IU b.i.d. and fondaparinux 1.5 mg o.d.. Furthermore, edoxaban was safe compared with enoxaparin and fondaparinux. Edoxaban, an orally administered direct factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor, may offer a new option for preventing DVT, with a level of evidence III.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe Kaisei Hospital, 3-11-15, Shinohara-Kita, Nada, Kobe, 657-0068, Japan

    Hiroshi Sasaki, Kazunari Ishida, Nao Shibanuma, Katsumasa Tei, Hiroomi Tateishi & Akihiko Toda

  2. Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Kobe Kaisei Hospital, Kobe, Japan

    Yukiko Yamashiro

  3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan

    Tomoyuki Matsumoto, Ryosuke Kuroda & Masahiro Kurosaka

Authors
  1. Hiroshi Sasaki
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  2. Kazunari Ishida
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  3. Nao Shibanuma
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  4. Katsumasa Tei
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  5. Hiroomi Tateishi
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  6. Akihiko Toda
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  7. Yukiko Yamashiro
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  8. Tomoyuki Matsumoto
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  9. Ryosuke Kuroda
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  10. Masahiro Kurosaka
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Correspondence to Hiroshi Sasaki.

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Sasaki, H., Ishida, K., Shibanuma, N. et al. Retrospective comparison of three thromboprophylaxis agents, edoxaban, fondaparinux, and enoxaparin, for preventing venous thromboembolism in total knee arthroplasty. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 38, 525–529 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-013-2132-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-013-2132-x

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