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The efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging in acute multi-ligament injuries

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Abstract

This study compares MRI with examination under anaesthesia to surgical findings in evaluating soft tissue injuries in acute multi-ligament knee trauma. Pre-operative MRI was done for 44 patients who underwent surgery for grade III ACL and grade III medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury. In 21 cases both ACL and MCL were treated surgically, but in 23 only ACL. Intra-operative and MRI findings were compared. Accuracy of MRI for medial meniscal tears was 88.6%, sensitivity 80%, and specificity 91.2%; accuracy for lateral meniscal tears was 72.7%, sensitivity 55% and specificity 87.5%. Accuracy and sensitivity for severity of ACL tear was 93.2% and of MCL tear 86.4%. In 88.6% of the knees, bone bruises were visible, with anterolateral femoral and posterolateral tibial bone bruise being the most common. MRI revealed no chondral lesion, but arthroscopy revealed 11. In combined ACL–MCL ruptures, the incidence of concomitant injuries is high and the injuries are best detected with MRI.

Résumé

Cette étude a pour but de comparer les données de l’IRM avec les résultats de l’examen sous anesthésie et les constatations chirurgicales après traumatismes aigus du genou. Une IRM préopératoire a été réalisée chez 44 patients qui ont bénéficié d’un geste chirurgical pour des lésions de grade III du ligament croisé antérieur et de grade III du ligament médio collatéral. Dans 21 cas, le ligament croisé antérieur et le ligament latéral interne ont été réparés chirurgicalement mais dans 23 cas les patients ont bénéficié simplement d’une réparation du ligament croisé antérieur. Les constatations per opératoires et les constations IRM ont été comparées. Pour l’IRM le diagnostic est fait à 88,6% pour les lésions méniscales avec une sensibilité de 80% et une spécificité de 91,2%. En ce qui concerne les lésions du ménisque externe latéral, les constatations IRM sont de 72,7% avec une sensibilité de 55% et une spécificité de 87,5%. Pour les ligaments croisés antérieurs, la sensibilité est de 93,2% et pour le ligament latéral interne de 86,4%. Les érosions osseuses sont visibles et leurs constatations sur le fémur antéro latéral et sur le tibia postéro latéral sont habituelles. L’IRM n’a révélé aucune lésion cartilagineuse mais l’arthroscopie a montré qu’il y en avait 11. Les ruptures combinées du ligament croisé antérieur et du ligament latéral interne sont d’une association fréquente et peuvent être détectées de façon plus facile par l’IRM.

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Correspondence to Jyrki Halinen.

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Halinen, J., Koivikko, M., Lindahl, J. et al. The efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging in acute multi-ligament injuries. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 33, 1733–1738 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-008-0689-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-008-0689-6

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