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Influence of the acetabular cup position on hip load during arthroplasty in hip dysplasia

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Abstract

Placement of the acetabular cup during total hip arthroplasty is of great importance because usually every deviation from the ideal centre of rotation negatively influences endoprosthesis survival, polyethylene wear and hip load. Here we present hip load change in respect to various acetabular cup positions in female patients who underwent total hip replacement surgery due to hip dysplasia. The calculation suggests that, in the majority of cases, for every millimeter of lateral displacement of the acetabular cup (relative to the ideal centre of rotation) an increase of 0.7% in hip load should be expected and for every millimeter of proximal displacement an increase of 0.1% in hip load should be expected (or decreased if displacement is medial or distal). Also, for every millimeter of neck length increase, 1% decrease is expected and for every millimeter of lateral offset, 0.8% decrease is expected. Altogether, hip load decreases when the cup is placed more medially or distally and when the femoral neck is longer or lateral offset is used.

Résumé

Le positionnement de la cupule acétabulaire durant la réalisation d’une prothèse totale de hanche est très important car une déviation de la position idéale du centre de rotation peut influer de façon négative sur la survie, sur l’usure et sur les vecteurs de forces au niveau de la hanche. Nous présentons une étude qui permet de visualiser les vecteurs de forces en fonction des différentes positions de la cupule chez des patients de sexe féminin qui ont bénéficié d’une prothèse totale de hanche mise en place pour dysplasie. Les calculs permettent de penser que dans la majorité des cas chaque millimètre de latéralisation de la cupule augmente de 0,7% la charge au niveau de la hanche et que chaque déplacement proximal l’augmente de 0,1%. Ainsi chaque augmentation millimétrique de la longueur du col peut entraîner une diminution de 1% des forces, de même en ce qui concerne chaque millimètre d’offset latéral qui permet d’obtenir une diminution de 0,8%. En conclusion, les charges diminuent au niveau de la hanche quand la cupule est placée de façon plus médiane ou distale et quand les longueurs du col fémoral ou de l’offset son utilisées.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb, Salata 7, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia

    Goran Bicanic & Domagoj Delimar

  2. Department of Power Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Unska 3, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia

    Marko Delimar

  3. School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 3, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia

    Marko Pecina

Authors
  1. Goran Bicanic
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  2. Domagoj Delimar
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  3. Marko Delimar
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  4. Marko Pecina
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Correspondence to Goran Bicanic.

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Bicanic, G., Delimar, D., Delimar, M. et al. Influence of the acetabular cup position on hip load during arthroplasty in hip dysplasia. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 33, 397–402 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-008-0683-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-008-0683-z

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