Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Emergence of the alumina matrix composite in total hip arthroplasty

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
International Orthopaedics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Pure alumina ceramic has been in clinical use in orthopaedics since 1971 and, currently, up to 5 million components have been implanted. Alumina offers advantages like stability, biocompatibility and low wear; however, it has limited strength. Applications are limited by design considerations. Engineers in biomaterials have worked on improving the performance of the material by optimising the manufacturing process. To fulfil surgeons’ and patients’ increasingly exacting requirements, ceramists have also developed a new ceramic composite, the alumina matrix composite (AMC). This material combines the great principles of the reinforcement of ceramics with its tribological qualities and presents a better mechanical resistance than alumina. The examination of the tribological situation of AMC, especially under the challenging conditions of hydrothermal ageing, shows the aptitude of this material in wear applications. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved ceramic ball heads articulating against polyethylene inserts. Since its introduction, more than 65,000 ball heads and 40,000 inserts of AMC have been implanted. With a 6-year follow up, no complication has been reported to the manufacturer. Improved toughness and the excellent wear of AMC makes it a potentially more flexible alternative to the more traditional alumina for hip prostheses.

Résumé

Les têtes en céramique d’alumine pure sont utilisées en orthopédie depuis 1971, plus de 5 millions de composants ont été implantés. L’alumine offre les avantages suivant: stabilité, biocompatibilité et usure minime cependant, sa fragilité peut être une limite. L’utilisation peut être limitée également du fait du type de design. Les ingénieurs en biomécanique ont travaillé de façon à améliorer les performances de ce type de matériau en optimisant le processus de fabrication. Ils ont également essayé de développer de nouvelles céramiques composites de type Alumina Matrix Composite (AMC). Ce matériel permet d’associer les grands principes de la céramique et d’améliorer sa résistance de même en ce qui concerne ses qualités tribologiques. Les conditions d’études tribologiques, en augmentant le vieillissement restent satisfaisantes. La FDA a approuvé l’utilisation de ces têtes céramiques avec un couple céramique/polyéthylène. Depuis son introduction plus de 60.000 têtes et 40.000 inserts d’AMC ont été implantés avec un suivi moyen de 6 ans sans complications rapportées. L’amélioration de la dureté et son excellente résistance à l’usure font de ce matériau une alternative satisfaisante à l’alumine traditionnelle pour les prothèses totales de hanche.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bizot P, Larrouy M, Witvoet J, Sedel L, Nizard R (2000) Press-fit metal-backed alumina sockets: a minimum 5-year followup study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 379:134–142

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Burger W, Richter HG (2000) High strength and toughness alumina matrix composites by transformation toughening and “in situ” platelet reinforcement (ZPTA)—the new generation of bioceramics. Bioceramics vol 13, pp 454–548

  3. Cales B (1999) Fracture ratio of zirconia hip joint heads compared to other ceramic bearing system. Norton Desmarquest Fine Ceramics

  4. Clarke I (2000) Material properties of structural ceramics. In: Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Symposium on Alternate Bearing Surfaces in Total Joint Replacement, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, October 2000

  5. Dalla Pria P, Pressacco M, Benazzo F, Fusi S (2007) Evolution for diameters features and results. Bioceramics and alternative bearings in joint arthroplasty. In: Proceedings of the 12th International BIOLOX Symposium, Seoul, Republic of Korea, September 2007

  6. Gaffurini P, Bertoglio S (2006) Neck modularity and CE/CE systems. Bioceramics and alternative bearings in joint arthroplasty. In: Proceedings of the 11th International BIOLOX Symposium, Rome, Italy, June/July 2006

  7. Garino JP (2000) The status and early results of modern ceramic-on-ceramic total hip replacement in the United States. Bioceramics in hip joint replacement. In: Proceedings of the 5th International CeramTec Symposium, Stuttgart, Germany, February 2000, pp 88–91

  8. Hamadouche M, Nizard RS, Meunier A, Bizot P, Sedel L (1999) Cementless bulk alumina socket: preliminary results at 6 years. J Arthroplasty 14:701–707

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Hamadouche M, Boutin P, Daussange J, Bolander ME, Sedel L (2002) Alumina-on-alumina total hip arthroplasty: a minimum 18.5-year follow-up study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 84:69–77

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Kuntz M, Schneider N, Heros R (2005) Controlled zirconia phase transformation in BIOLOX delta—a feature of safety. Bioceramics and alternative bearings in joint arthroplasty. In: Proceedings of the 11th International BIOLOX Symposium, Washington, DC, June 2005

  11. Lerouge S, Yahia, Sedel L (1998) Alumina ceramic in total joint replacement. In: Hip surgery, pp 31–40

  12. Masson B, Willmann G, Von Chamier W (1999) Fiabilité du couple alumine/alumine dans la prothèse totale de hanche. Journées Lyonnaise de la Hanche, pp 397–402

  13. Masson B (2005) Cahiers d’enseignement de la SOFCOT no. 90. “Prothese totale de hanche. Les Choix” pp 63–82 Coordination Pr Jean Puget, Elsevier

  14. Nizard RS, Sedel L, Christel P, Meunier A, Soudry M, Witvoet J (1992) Ten-year survivorship of cemented ceramic-ceramic total hip prosthesis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 282:53–63

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Nizard R, Sedel L, Hannouche D, Hamadouche M, Bizot P (2005) Alumina pairing in total hip replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Br 87:755–758

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Sedel L et al (1993) Long term behaviour of alumina/alumina coupling for T.H.R. Information from clinical data and retrieved specimen analysis. Bioceramics, vol 6. Butterworth Heinemann

  17. Sedel L, Kerboull L, Christel P, Meunier A, Witvoet J (1990) Alumina-on-alumina hip replacement. Results and survivorship in young patients. J Bone Joint Surg Br 72:658–663

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Sedel L (2000) Evolution of alumina-on-alumina implants: a review. Clin Orthop Relat Res 379:48–54

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Semlitsch M, Dawihl D (1994) Basic requirements of alumina ceramic in artificial hip joints balls in articulation with polyethylene cups. In: Technical principles, design and safety of joint implants. Hogrefe & Huber, Seattle, Washington, pp 99–101

  20. Stewart TD, Tipper JL Insley G, Streicher RM, Ingham E, Fisher J (2003) Wear of alumina matrix composite ceramics for hip prostheses. In: Proceedings of the 16th Annual Symposium of the ISTA, San Francisco, California, September 2003

  21. Toni A, Sudanese A (1995) Ceramics in total arthroplasty. Encyclopedic handbook of biomaterials and bioengineering, Part A Vol 2. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 1502–1544

  22. Walter A (1992) On the material and the tribology of alumina–alumina couplings for hip joint prostheses. Clin Orthop Relat Res 282:31–46

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Willmann G (1998) Survival rate and reliability of ceramic femoral heads for total hip arthroplasty. Materwissen Werksttech 29(10):595–604

    Google Scholar 

  24. Willmann G, Dalla Pria P (1998) Investigation of 87 retrieved ceramic femoral heads. Bioceramics in orthopaedics—new applications. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Ceramic Wear Couple 1998, pp 13–18

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to B. Masson.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Masson, B. Emergence of the alumina matrix composite in total hip arthroplasty. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 33, 359–363 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-007-0484-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-007-0484-9

Keywords

Navigation