Skip to main content
Log in

Predictors of outcome of non-displaced fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
International Orthopaedics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

    We’re sorry, something doesn't seem to be working properly.

    Please try refreshing the page. If that doesn't work, please contact support so we can address the problem.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify those factors that influence the outcome after conservative treatment of undisplaced fractures of the fifth metatarsal. This was done with univariate analyses and, for the first time, with regression analyses of day-to-day clinical practice. Thirty-eight patients were treated with plaster and periods of no weight bearing (NWB). Their mean age was 48 years. They were evaluated using the Olerud ankle score, with analogue scales for pain and comfort, and with questions about cosmesis and wearing of shoes. Six patients sustained a Jones fracture and 32 a tuberosity avulsion fracture. The mean period of NWB was 17 days and of casting was 38 days. Three Jones fractures and all the avulsion fractures were healed at the end of treatment. After a mean of 490 days, the global ankle score was 82/100. Ten patients reported problems with shoes and nine reported cosmetic problems. The linear analogue scale for pain was 2.11/10 and for comfort 8.42/10. Gender, age, and fracture type did not affect outcome. The most significant predictor of poor functional outcome was longer NWB, which was strongly associated with worse global outcome, discomfort, and reported stiffness. NWB should be kept to a minimum for acute avulsions of the tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal.

Résumé

Le but de cette étude était d’identifier les facteurs influençant le devenir des fractures sans déplacement du cinquième métatarsien après traitement conservateur. Ceci a été fait par analyse univariée et analyses de régression sur la pratique clinique quotidienne. 38 patients, d’âge moyen 48 ans, étaient traités par plâtre et décharge. L’évaluation était faite avec le score de cheville d’Olerud, des scores analogiques pour la douleur et le confort et des questions sur le chaussage et l’aspect cosmétique.Six patients avaient une fracture de Jones et 32 une fracture d’avulsion. La durée moyenne de décharge était de 17 jours et celle de plâtre de 38 jours. Trois fractures de Jones et toutes les fractures d’avulsion étaient consolidées à la fin du traitement. Après une moyenne de 490 jours le score global de la cheville était de 82/100. Dix patients rapportaient des problèmes de chaussage et 9 des problèmes cosmétiques. L’appréciation de la douleur était de 2,11/10 et celle du confort de 8,42/10. Le sexe, l’âge, et le type de fracture n’affectaient pas le résultat. Le facteur le plus prédictif d’un mauvais résultat était la longueur du temps de décharge. La décharge doit être prolongée un minimum de temps après une avulsion de la tubérosité du cinquième métatarsien.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Clapper MF, O’Brien TJ, Lyons PM (1995) Fractures of the fifth metatarsal. Analysis of a fracture registry. Clin Orthop 315:238–241

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Dameron TB Jr (1995) Fractures of the proximal fifth metatarsal: selecting the best treatment option. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 3:110–114

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Hasselman CT, Vogt MT, Stone KL, Cauley JA, Conti SF (2003) Foot and ankle fractures in elderly white women. Incidence and risk factors. J Bone Joint Surg Am 85:820–824

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Hens J, Martens M (1990) Surgical treatment of Jones fractures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 109:277–279

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Holubec KD, Karlin JM, Scurran BL (1993) Retrospective study of fifth metatarsal fractures. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 83:215–222

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Josefsson PO, Karlsson M, Redlund-Johnell I, Wendeberg B (1994) Closed treatment of Jones fracture. Good results in 40 cases after 11–26 years. Acta Orthop Scand 65:545–547

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Josefsson PO, Karlsson M, Redlund-Johnell I, Wendeberg B (1994) Jones fracture. Surgical versus nonsurgical treatment. Clin Orthop 299:252–255

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Kavanaugh JH, Brower TD, Mann RV (1978) The Jones fracture revisited. J Bone Joint Surg Am 60:776–782

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Lawrence SJ, Botte MJ (1993) Jones’ fractures and related fractures of the proximal fifth metatarsal. Foot Ankle 14:358–365

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Nunley JA (2001) Fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal: the Jones fracture. Orthop Clin North Am 32:171–180

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Olerud C, Molander H (1984) A scoring scale for symptom evaluation after ankle fracture. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 103:190–194

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Pendarvis JA, Mandracchia VJ, Haverstock BD, Granquist JC (1999) A new fixation technique for metatarsal fractures. Clin Podiatr Med Surg 16:643–657

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Quill GE Jr (1995) Fractures of the proximal fifth metatarsal. Orthop Clin North Am 26:353–361

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Rettig AC, Shelbourne KD, Wilckens J (1992) The surgical treatment of symptomatic nonunions of the proximal (metaphyseal) fifth metatarsal in athletes. Am J Sports Med 20:50–54

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Smith JW, Arnoczky SP, Hersh A (1992) The intraosseous blood supply of the fifth metatarsal: implications for proximal fracture healing. Foot Ankle 13:143–152

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Torg JS, Balduini FC, Zelko RR, Pavlov H, Peff TC, Das M (1984) Fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal distal to the tuberosity. Classification and guidelines for non-surgical and surgical management. J Bone Joint Surg Am 66:209–214

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Wiener BD, Linder JF, Giattini JF (1997) Treatment of fractures of the fifth metatarsal: a prospective study. Foot Ankle Int 18:267–269

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Zelko RR, Torg JS, Rachun A (1979) Proximal diaphyseal fractures of the fifth metatarsal—treatment of the fractures and their complications in athletes. Am J Sports Med 7:95–101

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Peter Vorlat.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Vorlat, P., Achtergael, W. & Haentjens, P. Predictors of outcome of non-displaced fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal. International Orthopaedics (SICO 31, 5–10 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-006-0116-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-006-0116-9

Keywords

Navigation