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Therapeutic antibodies against cancer stem cells: a promising approach

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Abstract

Monoclonal antibodies have been extensively used to treat malignancy along with routine chemotherapeutic drugs. Chemotherapy for metastatic cancer has not been successful in securing long-term remission of disease. This is in part due to the resistance of cancer cells to drugs. One aspect of the drug resistance is the inability of conventional drugs to eliminate cancer stem cells (CSCs) which often constitute less than 1–2% of the whole tumor. In some tumor types, it is possible to identify these cells using surface markers. Monoclonal antibodies targeting these CSCs are an attractive option for a new therapeutic approach. Although administering antibodies has not been effective, when combined with chemotherapy they have proved synergistic. This review highlights the potential of improving treatment efficacy using functional antibodies against CSCs, which could be combined with chemotherapy in the future.

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Abbreviations

ABCG2:

ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2

ADCC:

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

AML:

Acute myeloid leukemia

CAR:

Chimeric antigen receptor

CRC:

Colorectal cancer

CSC:

Cancer stem cell

HNSCC:

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

HSC:

Hematopoietic stem cell

IgG:

Immunoglobulin G

ISC:

Intestinal stem cell

LSC:

Leukemia stem cell

NOD-SCID:

Non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency

SIRPα:

Signal regulatory protein alpha

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Acknowledgements

Supported by University Grants Commission (UGC), Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR). Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Govt. of India.

Smarakan Sneha is a University Grants Commission Senior Research Fellow (UGC-SRF) awardee. Syama Krishna Priya and Rohit Pravin Nagare are Indian Council for Medical Research Senior Research fellows (ICMR –SRF) and Chirukandath Sidhanth is supported by Department of Biotechnology (DBT).

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  1. Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Department of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38, Sardar Patel Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 036, India

    Smarakan Sneha, Rohit Pravin Nagare, Syama Krishna Priya, Chirukandath Sidhanth & Trivadi Sundaram Ganesan

  2. Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK

    Klaus Pors

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  1. Smarakan Sneha
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SS conceived, wrote and RPN, SKP, CS, KP edited the manuscript. TSG conceived, reviewed and edited all versions of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Trivadi Sundaram Ganesan.

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Sneha, S., Nagare, R.P., Priya, S.K. et al. Therapeutic antibodies against cancer stem cells: a promising approach. Cancer Immunol Immunother 66, 1383–1398 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-017-2049-0

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