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Extraosseous multiple myeloma: imaging spectrum in the abdomen and pelvis

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Abstract

Multiple myeloma represents a subset of plasma cell dyscrasias characterized by the proliferation of plasma cells typically in the bone marrow, representing approximately 1% of all cancers and 15% of hematologic malignancies. Often multiple myeloma is limited to the skeletal system; however, a small percentage (<5%) of patients will develop extraosseous manifestations. We review the current WHO classification of plasma cell dyscrasias and use multimodality imaging including US, CT, MRI, and PET-CT to illustrate the spectrum of extraosseous multiple myeloma in the abdomen and pelvis. Because extraosseous multiple myeloma is associated with a poorer prognosis and decreased survival, it is important for the radiologist to become familiar with a variety of extraosseous manifestations in the abdomen and pelvis, especially in a patient with a known diagnosis of multiple myeloma and the development of an abdominal or pelvic mass.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA

    Rachel Cho, Daniel T. Myers & Todd R. Williams

  2. Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA

    Ifeoma N. Onwubiko

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  1. Rachel Cho
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Cho, R., Myers, D.T., Onwubiko, I.N. et al. Extraosseous multiple myeloma: imaging spectrum in the abdomen and pelvis. Abdom Radiol 46, 1194–1209 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-020-02712-2

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