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Imaging in pediatric ovarian tumors

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Abstract

The spectrum of ovarian tumors in the pediatric population differs significantly from that in adults. Germ cell tumors are the predominant class of ovarian tumors in children, whereas epithelial tumors are the most common in adults. Ultrasonography is the modality of choice for the initial evaluation of pediatric ovarian tumors. Determining the diagnosis based on imaging may prove difficult, and combining the imaging findings with the clinical scenario is very helpful in reaching a differential diagnosis during clinical practice. We will discuss the spectrum of ovarian neoplasms in the pediatric population and describe their clinical, pathologic, and imaging characteristics. A few unique entities related to ovarian tumors, such as growing teratoma syndrome, anti–N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis, and hereditary ovarian tumor syndromes, are also discussed. In addition, we will review several entities that may mimic ovarian neoplasms as well as their distinct imaging features.

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Acknowledgements

Dr. Farzin Eftekhari, MD for providing some images for the article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Centre at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA

    Abdelrahman K. Hanafy

  2. Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holocombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Bilal Mujtaba, Sireesha Yedururi, Corey T. Jensen & Ajaykumar C. Morani

  3. Radiology, Children’s National Health System, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA

    Ramon Sanchez

  4. Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holocombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Mary T. Austin

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Hanafy, A.K., Mujtaba, B., Yedururi, S. et al. Imaging in pediatric ovarian tumors. Abdom Radiol 45, 520–536 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-019-02316-5

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