Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Feasibility of and agreement between MR imaging and spectroscopic estimation of hepatic proton density fat fraction in children with known or suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

  • Published:
Abdominal Imaging Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To assess feasibility of and agreement between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) for estimating hepatic proton density fat fraction (PDFF) in children with known or suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Materials and methods

Children were included in this study from two previous research studies in each of which three MRI and three MRS acquisitions were obtained. Sequence acceptability, and MRI- and MRS-estimated PDFF were evaluated. Agreement of MRI- with MRS-estimated hepatic PDFF was assessed by linear regression and Bland–Altman analysis. Age, sex, BMI-Z score, acquisition time, and artifact score effects on MRI- and MRS-estimated PDFF agreement were assessed by multiple linear regression.

Results

Eighty-six children (61 boys and 25 girls) were included in this study. Slope and intercept from regressing MRS-PDFF on MRI-PDFF were 0.969 and 1.591%, respectively, and the Bland–Altman bias and 95% limits of agreement were 1.17% ± 2.61%. MRI motion artifact score was higher in boys than girls (by 0.21, p = 0.021). Higher BMI-Z score was associated with lower agreement between MRS and MRI (p = 0.045).

Conclusion

Hepatic PDFF estimation by both MRI and MRS is feasible, and MRI- and MRS-estimated PDFF agree closely in children with known or suspected NAFLD.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Lindback SM, Gabbert C, Johnson BL, et al. (2010) Adv Pediatr 57:85–140

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Schwimmer JB, Deutsch R, Kahen T, et al. (2006) Pediatrics 118:1388–1393

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Feldstein AE, Charatcharoenwitthaya P, Treeprasertsuk S, et al. (2009) Gut 58:1538–1544

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Ko JS, Yoon JM, Yang HR, et al. (2009) Dig Dis Sci 54:2225–2230

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Schwimmer JB, Pardee PE, Lavine JE, Blumkin AK, Cook S (2008) Circulation 118:277–283

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. David K, Kowdley KV, Unalp A, et al. (2009) Hepatology 49:1904–1912

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Kistler KD, Molleston J, Unalp A, et al. (2010) Aliment Pharmacol Ther 31:396–406

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Preiss D, Sattar N (2008) Clin Sci (Lond) 115:141–150

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Schwimmer JB (2007) Semin Liver Dis 27:312–318

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Fabbrini E, deHaseth D, Deivanayagam S, et al. (2009) Obesity (Silver Spring) 17:25–29

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Farrell GC, Teoh NC, McCuskey RS (2008) Anat Rec (Hoboken) 291:684–692

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Fishbein MH, Mogren C, Gleason T, Stevens WR (2006) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 42:83–88

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Awai HI, Newton KP, Sirlin CB, Behling C, Schwimmer JB (2014) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 12:765–773

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Chen MM, Coakley FV, Kaimal A, Laros RK Jr (2008) Obstet Gynecol 112(2 Pt 1):333–340

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Sodickson A, Baeyens PF, Andriole KP, et al. (2009) Radiology 251:175–184

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Cowin GJ, Jonsson JR, Bauer JD, et al. (2008) J Magn Reson Imaging 28:937–945

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Szczepaniak LS, Nurenberg P, Leonard D, et al. (2005) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 288:E462–E468

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Thomsen C, Becker U, Winkler K, et al. (1994) Magn Reson Imaging 12:487–495

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Yokoo T, Bydder M, Hamilton G, et al. (2009) Radiology 251:67–76

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Idilman IS, Keskin O, Celik A, et al. (2015) Acta Radiol. doi:10.1177/0284185115580488

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Meisamy S, Hines CD, Hamilton G, et al. (2011) Radiology 258:767–775

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Hines CD, Frydrychowicz A, Hamilton G, et al. (2011) J Magn Reson Imaging 33:873–881

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Yokoo T, Shiehmorteza M, Hamilton G, et al. (2011) Radiology 258:749–759

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Quiros-Tejeira RE, Rivera CA, Ziba TT, et al. (2007) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 44:228–236

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Sartorio A, Del Col A, Agosti F, et al. (2007) Eur J Clin Nutr 61:877–883

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Schwimmer JB, Deutsch R, Rauch JB, et al. (2003) J Pediatr 143:500–505

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Schwimmer JB, McGreal N, Deutsch R, Finegold MJ, Lavine JE (2005) Pediatrics 115:e561–e565

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Hamilton G, Middleton MS, Bydder M, et al. (2009) J Magn Reson Imaging 30:145–152

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Bydder M, Hamilton G, Yokoo T, Sirlin CB (2008) Magn Reson Imaging 26:847–850

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Vanhamme L, van den Boogaart A, Van Huffel S (1997) J Magn Reson 129:35–43

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Naressi A, Couturier C, Devos JM, et al. (2001) MAGMA 12:141–152

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Hamilton G, Yokoo T, Bydder M, et al. (2011) NMR Biomed 24:784–790

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Ramalho M, Heredia V, Tsurusaki M, Altun E, Semelka RC (2009) J Magn Reson Imaging 29:869–879

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Heger M, Marsman HA, Bezemer R, et al. (2011) Acad Radiol 18:1582–1592

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Szczepaniak LS, Babcock EE, Schick F, et al. (1999) Am J Physiol 276(5 Pt 1):E977–E989

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Hansen KH, Schroeder ME, Hamilton G, Sirlin CB, Bydder M (2012) Magn Reson Imaging 30:151–157

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Kang GH, Cruite I, Shiehmorteza M, et al. (2011) J Magn Reson Imaging 34:928–934

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Mashhood A, Railkar R, Yokoo T, et al. (2013) J Magn Reson Imaging 37:1359–1370

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Grant support

This work was supported by NCRR UL1 RR031980 for the Clinical and Translational Research Institute at UCSD, NIDDK R56 DK090350, NIDDK R01 DK075128, NCMHD P60 MD00220.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Liver Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Emil Achmad, Takeshi Yokoo, Gavin Hamilton, Elhamy R. Heba, Jonathan C. Hooker, Christopher Changchien, Michael Schroeder, Jeffrey B. Schwimmer, Claude B. Sirlin & Michael S. Middleton

  2. Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern School of Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA

    Takeshi Yokoo

  3. Computational and Applied Statistics Laboratory (CASL), San Diego Supercomputing Center (SDSC), University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Tanya Wolfson & Anthony Gamst

  4. Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Jeffrey B. Schwimmer

  5. Department of Gastroenterology, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Jeffrey B. Schwimmer

  6. Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Joel E. Lavine

  7. UCSD Department of Radiology, UCSD MRI Institute, 410 West Dickinson Street, San Diego, CA, 92103-8749, USA

    Michael S. Middleton

Authors
  1. Emil Achmad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Takeshi Yokoo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Gavin Hamilton
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Elhamy R. Heba
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jonathan C. Hooker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Christopher Changchien
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Michael Schroeder
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Tanya Wolfson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Anthony Gamst
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Jeffrey B. Schwimmer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Joel E. Lavine
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. Claude B. Sirlin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. Michael S. Middleton
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michael S. Middleton.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Achmad, E., Yokoo, T., Hamilton, G. et al. Feasibility of and agreement between MR imaging and spectroscopic estimation of hepatic proton density fat fraction in children with known or suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Abdom Imaging 40, 3084–3090 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-015-0506-9

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-015-0506-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation