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Magnetic resonance fingerprinting: an overview

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Abstract

Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) is an evolving quantitative MRI framework consisting of unique data acquisition, processing, visualization, and interpretation steps. MRF is capable of simultaneously producing multiple high-resolution property maps including T1, T2, M0, ADC, and T2* measurements. While a relatively new technology, MRF has undergone rapid development for a variety of clinical applications from brain tumor characterization and epilepsy imaging to characterization of prostate cancer, cardiac imaging, among others. This paper will provide a brief overview of current state of MRF technology including highlights of technical and clinical advances. We will conclude with a brief discussion of the challenges that need to be overcome to establish MRF as a quantitative imaging biomarker.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    Charit Tippareddy & Walter Zhao

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    Mark Griswold & Dan Ma

  3. Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    Jeffrey L. Sunshine, Mark Griswold & Chaitra Badve

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  1. Charit Tippareddy
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  2. Walter Zhao
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  3. Jeffrey L. Sunshine
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  4. Mark Griswold
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  5. Dan Ma
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  6. Chaitra Badve
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Contributions

All of the following authors have contributed substantially to the submitted work.

Charit Tippareddy

• Substantial contributions to the conception and design of the work; the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data for the work

• Drafting the manuscript and revising it critically for important intellectual content

• Final approval of the version to be published

• Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved

Walter Zhao

• Substantial contributions to the conception and design of the work; and the acquisition of data for the work

• Revising the manuscript critically for important intellectual content

• Final approval of the version to be published

• Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved

Jeffrey Sunshine

• Substantial contributions to the conception and design of the work; and the acquisition of data for the work

• Revising the manuscript critically for important intellectual content

• Final approval of the version to be published

• Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved

Mark Griswold

• Substantial contributions to the conception and design of the work

• Revising the manuscript critically for important intellectual content

• Final approval of the version to be published

• Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved

Dan Ma

• Substantial contributions to the conception and design of the work; the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data for the work

• Drafting the manuscript and revising it critically for important intellectual content

• Final approval of the version to be published

• Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved

Chaitra Badve

• Substantial contributions to the conception and design of the work; the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data for the work

• Drafting the manuscript and revising it critically for important intellectual content

• Final approval of the version to be published

• Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chaitra Badve.

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Conflict of interest

Charit Tippareddy and Walter Zhao have nothing to disclose. Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals receive research support from Siemens. Chaitra Badve, Jeffrey Sunshine, Mark Griswold, and Dan Ma have patent applications on MRF and its applications.

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Tippareddy, C., Zhao, W., Sunshine, J.L. et al. Magnetic resonance fingerprinting: an overview. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 48, 4189–4200 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-021-05384-2

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