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Percutaneous image-guided bone biopsy of osteomyelitis in the foot and pelvis has a low impact on guiding antibiotics management: a retrospective analysis of 60 bone biopsies

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Abstract

Objective

Image-guided percutaneous bone biopsy may be requested by clinicians to guide antibiotics management decisions in patients with extremity osteomyelitis. Much of the clinical literature describes a high rate of bone biopsy culture positivity in patients with osteomyelitis, but anecdotally biopsy is felt to be fairly low yield in many musculoskeletal radiology practices. The objective of the study is to determine the culture positivity rate and clinical utility of bone biopsy in guiding the management of patients with osteomyelitis.

Materials and methods

All image-guided bone biopsy procedures of the pelvis or foot performed at a single institution were identified by a retrospective report search, and only those with a clinical suspicion for infection were included. Cases were included based on convincing imaging findings of osteomyelitis on retrospective review. Microbiology results were reviewed in the clinical chart, as were antibiotics management decisions and response to antibiotics therapy.

Results

A total of 60 bone biopsies met the inclusion criteria, 25 within the foot and 35 biopsies of the pelvis. Overall, 11 out of 60 core biopsies (18%) yielded positive cultures. Antibiotics management was altered in only 27% patients with a positive culture; thus, only 5% of patients with MRI findings of osteomyelitis undergoing biopsy had an impact on management.

Conclusion

Percutaneous bone biopsies may have a low rate of culture positivity, and even when positive, frequently do not have an impact on antibiotics choice. These data differ from much of the clinical literature, which describes a very high rate of culture positivity.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Duke University Musculoskeletal Imaging, DUMC Box 3808, Durham, NC, 27710, USA

    Nicholas Said

  2. Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390-8896, USA

    Majid Chalian

  3. Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, 5777 East Mayo Boulevard, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA

    Michael G. Fox

  4. Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia Health System, 1215 Lee Street, PO Box 800170, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA

    Nicholas C. Nacey

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  1. Nicholas Said
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  2. Majid Chalian
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Correspondence to Nicholas C. Nacey.

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Said, N., Chalian, M., Fox, M.G. et al. Percutaneous image-guided bone biopsy of osteomyelitis in the foot and pelvis has a low impact on guiding antibiotics management: a retrospective analysis of 60 bone biopsies. Skeletal Radiol 48, 1385–1391 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-019-3152-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-019-3152-4

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