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The fluoride in the groundwater of Guarani Aquifer System: the origin associated with black shales of Paraná Basin

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Environmental Geology

Abstract

This work presents petrological and geochemical results of the black shales interval from Permian and Devonian strata of the Paraná Basin, Brazil and its relationships with fluoride of groundwater from Guarani Aquifer System. The Guarani Aquifer, located in South Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay and Argentine, presents contents of fluoride higher than the Brazilian accepted potability limits. Several hypotheses have been presented for the origin of the fluoride in the groundwater of the Guarani Aquifer. Microcrystalline fluorite was registered in black shales of Ponta Grossa and Irati formations from Paraná Basin. The results shown in this work suggest that fluoride present in groundwater of Guarani Aquifer can be originated in deeper groundwater that circulates in Ponta Grossa and Irati formations. The interaction of the groundwater coming from deeper black shales with the groundwater-bearing Aquifer Guarani System occurs through regional fragile structures (faults and fractures) that constitute excellent hydraulic connectors between the two sedimentary packages. The microcrystalline fluorite registered in Ponta Grossa and Irati Formations can be dissolved promoting fluoride enrichment in groundwater of these black shales and Guarani Aquifer System.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to CNPq/CTPETRO for financial supporting the Project 500144/2002-8 and the Geological Survey of Brazil, National Department of Mineral Production, Companhia Matogrossense de Mineração, and to Carbonífera Criciúma S. A. for providing the samples and boreholes. We are also grateful to XRF and DRX laboratory of IG/UFRGS for chemical and mineralogical analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Análises de Carvão e Rochas Geradoras de Petróleo, IG-UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    M. L. Kern

  2. Laboratório de Fluorescência de Raios-X, IG-UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Bairro Agronomia, Porto Alegre, CEP 91501-970, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

    A. P. Vieiro

  3. Laboratório de Difratometria de Raios-X, IG-UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    G. Machado

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  1. M. L. Kern
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  2. A. P. Vieiro
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  3. G. Machado
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Correspondence to A. P. Vieiro.

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Kern, M.L., Vieiro, A.P. & Machado, G. The fluoride in the groundwater of Guarani Aquifer System: the origin associated with black shales of Paraná Basin. Environ Geol 55, 1219–1233 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-007-1067-1

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